Search

Sinclair et al. explore the contribution of chronic inflammation to cardiovascular symptoms associated with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC-CVS). The authors identify trace levels of inflammatory cytokines in individuals with PASC-CVS that impair the function of cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.

Iridium-based oxides are the most active catalysts for acidic water oxidation, but a complete understanding of their surface reconstruction under operation remains elusive. Now three key paracrystalline structural motifs are identified on the seemingly amorphous reconstructed IrO_x surface.

Plant functional traits may help distinguish introduced species that will become invasive from those that do not. Here, Divíšek et al. show that functional profiles of naturalized plant species are similar to natives, while those of invasive plant species exist at the edge of the functional trait space.

Holistic indicator frameworks are needed to track food systems transformation. This Analysis shows the application of a framework recently developed by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative to all UN member states, revealing current status, data gaps and priority actions.

A cross-sectional study from four African countries shows the importance of investigating the gut microbiome in previously under-represented populations and provides a framework for equitable microbiome research.

A consortium reports the tripling of the number of genetic markers in Phase II of the International HapMap Project. This map of human genetic variation will continue to revolutionize discovery of susceptibility loci in common genetic diseases, and study of genes under selection in humans.

Analysis of HbA1c and FPG levels across 117 population-based studies demonstrates regional variation in prevalence of previously undiagnosed screen-detected diabetes using one or both measures and suggests that use of elevated FPG alone could underestimate diabetes prevalence in low- and middle-income countries.

Arctic and Antarctic scientists are urged to share data, ideas and infrastructure.

A comprehensive multi-omics reference atlas of prenatal human skin shows that innate immune cells crosstalk with non-immune cells to perform pivotal roles in skin morphogenesis, including the formation of hair follicles.

Threats to the flow of knowledge may come from small groups as well as governments.

Traditional Chinese medicine and Western science face almost irreconcilable differences. Can systems biology bring them together? Jane Qiu reports.

Here, the authors unveiled a ‘super-silencer’ and its mechanisms of action. They revealed that a combined treatment of an enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitor and a repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor inhibitor can disrupt super-silencers, potentially leading to cancer ablation.

A randomized controlled trial involving patients with stage 3b chronic kidney disease from primary care reported that in contrast to reported cardiorenal protective effects of nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA), the steroidal MRA spironolactone did not reduce mortality or cardiovascular disease hospitalization compared to usual care.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses identify new risk loci for Parkinson’s disease, and fine-mapping and co-localization analyses implicate candidate genes whose expression is associated with disease susceptibility.

Newly sequenced seagrass genomes unveil a hexaploid ancestry for seagrasses. The transition to marine environments involved fine-tuning of many processes that all had to happen in parallel, probably explaining why adaptation to a marine lifestyle has been rare.

Here the authors identify distinct mechanisms by which domain-specific p53 mutations activate cancer cell growth via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These mechanisms affect sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors, opening avenues for targeted therapy.

Joyce, Pascual et al. identify luminal progenitors as likely cells-of-origin in BRCA2-mutant breast cancer, exhibiting dysregulated proteostasis and translation, which may be therapeutically targeted via mTORC1 inhibition.

Combinatorial Optimization problems can be solved by investigating the ground states of particular Ising models. Here, the authors developed a neuromorphic architecture to ensure asymptotic convergence to the ground state of an Ising problem and to consistently produce high-quality solutions.

Human mammary tissue remodelling that takes place during pregnancy and lactation remains poorly understood. Here the authors characterize cells in human milk, identifying epithelial cells resembling luminal progenitors and immune cells, contributing insights into this process.

Distinguishing between different proteins that each bind to the same type of glycan is challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate that an enzymatically synthesised library of Lewis^x ‘glycofluoroforms’ that feature site-specific fluorination can discriminate closely related proteins.

Spatial imaging methods in lipid research can disrupt tissue integrity and can have limited spatial and spectral resolution. Here, the authors present an SRS-based hyperspectral imaging platform to visualise lipids and lipoproteins in a variety of tissues and animal species.

Binding of the substrates NAD⁺ and ATP to the plant Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain proteins induces phase separation and, thereby, activation of TIR enzymatic and immune signalling activity.

Analysis of peripheral mycobacteria-reactive CD4⁺ T cell receptor sequences from individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis shows a high degree of overlap between progressors and controllers, but points to some distinct clonotypes that are enriched in either group.

Digenic inheritance of deleterious variants in serine/arginine protein kinase 3 (SRPK3) and titin (TTN) leads to a progressive early onset skeletal muscle myopathy. Zebrafish double mutants exhibit a similar myopathy phenotype accompanied by myofibrillar disorganization.

Wherry and colleagues provide a comparative analysis of paired single-cell RNA-sequencing and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing profiles of CD8⁺ T cells in acute and chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections, identifying new features about T_ex cell subsets and epigenetic differences from acutely infected precursors seen at early time points in infection.

Frogs are an ancient and ecologically diverse group of amphibians that include important model systems. This paper reports genome sequences of multiple frog species, revealing remarkable stability of frog chromosomes and centromeres, along with highly recombinogenic extended subtelomeres.

Large-scale single-cell sequencing of RNA and T cell receptors in samples from patients with cancer shows clonotypic expansion of effector-like T cells not only in tumour tissue but also in normal adjacent tissues and peripheral blood, which associates with clinical response to cancer immunotherapy.

Dawson et al. characterize a macrophage population associated with mammary ducts that are long lived, derive from embryonic precursors and have multiple roles in pregnancy, lactation, involution and cancer.

Statistical mapping techniques provide insights into the spread of two key arbovirus vectors in Europe and the United States, and predict the future distributions of both mosquitoes in response to accelerating urbanization, connectivity and climate change.

New reference genomes of the two extant monotreme lineages (platypus and echidna) reveal the ancestral and lineage-specific genomic changes that shape both monotreme and mammalian evolution.

Isolates of authentic SARS-CoV-2 variants BA.1 and BA.2 exhibit similar infectivity and pathogenicity and show susceptibility to neutralizing therapeutic antibodies and antiviral compounds in mouse and hamster models.

The haplotype-resolved genome in Amborella trichopoda addresses outstanding questions on the structure and gene content of the recently evolved ZW sex chromosomes.

Sequence assemblies for the genomes of 16 widely used inbred laboratory mouse strains highlight considerable strain-specific haplotype variation and allow for the identification of regions with the greatest sequence diversity between strains.

Heather Tallis, Jane Lubchenco and 238 co-signatories petition for an end to the infighting that is stalling progress in protecting the planet.

Immunoglobulin gene rearrangements occur in an organized, temporal way. Skok and colleagues show that immunoglobulin alleles 'pair' to coordinate cleavage and allelic availability.

Danish Saleheen, Benjamin Voight and colleagues perform genome-wide analysis of multi-ancestry cohorts to identify genetic associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary heart disease (CHD). They find novel loci and show that 24% of T2D loci are also associated with CHD and that greater genetic risk of T2D increases risk of CHD.

Ocean currents play a crucial role in the distribution of marine coastal species. Here the nuclear and chloroplast genomes of this eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) is used to trace its colonization history from its origin in the Northwest Pacific.

Hundreds of genetic loci associated with age at menopause, combined with experimental evidence in mice, highlight mechanisms of reproductive ageing across the lifespan.