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Protocol for fabricating synthetic viscoelastic antigen-presenting cells and their application in T cell engineering. These synthetic cells support robust T cell activation and expansion and improve chimeric antigen receptor transduction efficiency.

This paper presents TDAC-seq, a targeted chromatin-accessibility-profiling method using cytidine deaminases and long-read sequencing, to resolve the effects of CRISPR edits on single chromatin fibers.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Single-cell data analysis is challenging due to inherent noise and sparsity. Here, authors introduce scMINER, a mutual information-based integrative tool to enhance clustering and reveal regulatory networks and hidden biological drivers by transforming scRNA-seq expression into activity profiles.

Water has a role to play in the future of cooling but is currently limited by the lack of meaningful control methods. Here, authors demonstrate the ability of electrostatic fields to act as a catalyst for water-based evaporative cooling, paving the way for widescale adoption of evaporative cooling.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

Silane, which is a precursor to the sandy surfaces of rocky planets and dusty clouds on gas giants, is seen directly in another world—a low-metallicity brown dwarf in which oxidation is slow and gas mixing is fast.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

The understanding of defects in bromide-based perovskites remains elusive. Electric biasing and introducing bromide in the precursor solution during crystal growth is shown to significantly reduce defects in formamidinium lead bromide.

Here they identify the C. elegans homolog of Sjogren’s Syndrome Nuclear Antigen 1 as a centriole-stabilizing factor. In the absence of SSNA-1 centrioles assemble normally but are prone to fragmenting in the early embryo leading to multipolar spindle formation and embryonic lethality.

Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures with type II band alignment have generated wide interest in device physics at the two-dimensional limit. Here, Rivera et al. observe interlayer excitons in vertically stacked MoSe2–WSe2 heterostructures and demonstrate tunability of the energy and luminescence.

Single layers of group-VI transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as direct bandgap semiconductors in the two-dimensional limit. The authors show that monolayer molybdenum diselenide is an ideal system enabling electrostatic tunability of charging effects in neutral and charged electron-hole pairs, so-called excitons.

In their complex, the SARS-CoV-2 nsp13 helicase and RNA polymerase would translocate on RNA in opposite directions. Cryo-EM and MD simulations resolve this conundrum, suggesting an allosteric mechanism to turn the helicase on and off.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

This study revealed that targeting H3K4me3 via the H3K4 methyltransferase SDG2 activates gene expression and removes DNA methylation by recruiting DNA demethylases. Conversely, the removal of H3K4me3 synergistically enhances targeted DNA methylation.

We developed PRINT, a computational method that identifies footprints of DNA–protein interactions from bulk and single-cell chromatin accessibility data across multiple scales of protein size.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Enzyme-catalyzed biodegradation is an emerging green strategy for environmental remediation, although challenged by high cost and poor robustness. Here, the authors report a cellulose derived hydrogel with immobilized laccase for water remediation.

This overview of the ENCODE project outlines the data accumulated so far, revealing that 80% of the human genome now has at least one biochemical function assigned to it; the newly identified functional elements should aid the interpretation of results of genome-wide association studies, as many correspond to sites of association with human disease.

FAM72A differentially controls mutation rates by regulating uracil processing at different stages of the cell cycle, thereby regulating somatic hypermutation and class-switch recombination in B cells.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Wang and colleagues show that in skeletal muscle cells and cardiomyocytes, the glucose transporter GLUT4 is a negative regulator of RIG-I-like receptor signaling during viral infection by redistributing RIG-I and MDA5 to the plasma membrane and attenuating interferon responses.

Azacitidine (AZA) response in myelodysplastic neoplasms is unpredictable. Here, the authors show in a phase 2 trial that while global methylation changes did not differ by response, baseline and initial CpG methylation differences in HSPCs predicted AZA response.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

A rare case of asymptomatic dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s reveals confined tau pathology and unique proteomic features, highlighting potential resilience mechanisms decades beyond expected onset.

Epichaperomics allow the study of protein-protein interactions and their alterations, but probes have been limited to capturing HSP90 epichaperomes. Here, the authors introduce and validate a toolset of HSP70 epichaperome ligands, and use them in epichaperomics to identify a mechanism with which cancer cells can enhance the fitness of mitotic protein networks.

Genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with sinus node dysfunction, distal conduction disease and pacemaker implantation, implicating ion channel function, cardiac developmental programs and sarcomeric structure in bradyarrhythmia susceptibility.

HSC mutations lead to diverse clonal hematopoiesis outcomes. This study shows how epigenetic traits can predispose clones for dominance. Sox4 increases sensitivity to Tet2 KO, offering insights into variable phenotypes despite identical mutations.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Osteoclasts are derived from circulating myeloid cells to mediate bone repair, maintenance and remodeling. Here, the authors show that the lung also recruits and reprograms monocytes and alveolar macrophages into osteoclast-like cells to clear pathogenic particles from the airspace.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Use of immobilized enzymes in bioremediation has potential in water treatment, but limited enzymatic activity and stability can cause issues. Here, the authors report the development of a strategy to immobilize enzymes within a hydrogel while maintaining good activity against a range of pollutants.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into education, where it can boost learners’ performance. However, these uses do not promote the deep cognitive and metacognitive processing that are required for high-quality learning.

Type 1 polyketides are a major class of natural products with diverse bioactivities but are mostly identified via bioactivity-guided purification which is limited to relatively abundant compounds. Here, the authors present Seq2PKS, a machine learning algorithm that predicts the chemical structures derived from Type 1 polyketide synthases and use it to discover biosynthetic gene clusters for monazomycin, oasomycin A, and 2-aminobenzamideactiphenol.

The hydroxylase EgIN2 contributes to triple negative breast cancers. Here, using an enzyme-substrate trapping strategy, the authors identify ASDL as a bona fide substrate of EgIN2 promoting aggressive properties of TNBC via the activation of cMYC signaling.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

The fungal genus Armillaria includes virulent necrotrophic pathogens, unusual wood decayers and the largest terrestrial organisms on Earth. Sahu et al. suggest that horizontal gene transfer contributed to the evolution of some of these unique traits.

Cryo-EM reveals how transthyretin moves, offering insights into ligand binding and amyloidogenesis. The work highlights the utility of cryo-EM in studying small proteins and uncovering targets for structure-based drug design in transthyretin amyloidosis.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Whole-genome sequencing data from more than 2,500 cancers of 38 tumour types reveal 16 signatures that can be used to classify somatic structural variants, highlighting the diversity of genomic rearrangements in cancer.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.