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Energy deposition inside silicon with ultrashort laser pulses is intrinsically restricted. Here, authors demonstrate that this filamentation-driven ceiling is universal in semiconductors. Extreme nonlinearities are quantified to predict and optimize involume laser-semiconductor interaction.

Viral ribonucleoprotein–viral protein networks form pre-replication centres that nucleate viral factories and drive respiratory syncytial virus replication.

During morphogenesis patterned contractility drives tissue shape changes. Here they show that GPCR signaling and integrin activation give rise to a dynamically translocating gradient of contractility required for a self-organized wave of tissue invagination.

The study introduces radio interferometric multiplexed spectroscopy (RIMS), a method designed to efficiently monitor the radio emissions of massive samples of stars. Applying it to LOFAR data, the authors identify stellar bursts, offering clues to possible star–planet magnetic interactions.

Gallium arsenide photocathodes inside a superconducting radio-frequency gun are a promising source of polarized electrons for future colliders. Now the operation of such a source has been demonstrated.

Variation in responses to bacterial and viral stimuli between Batwa rainforest hunter-gatherers and Bakiga agriculturalists from Uganda suggests population-level divergence under natural selection, with hunter-gatherers disproportionately showing signatures of positive selection.

In a multicenter, randomized trial of patients with atrial fibrillation and a low risk of thromboembolic events, treatment with the anticoagulant rivaroxaban showed no benefit in reducing cognitive decline, stroke or transient ischemic attack when compared to placebo.

Boosting mitochondrial metabolism in neurons in central memory circuits by enhancing Ca²⁺ retention in the mitochondrial matrix is shown to improve long-term memory formation in flies and mice.

This research identifies two neural factors linked to externalizing and internalizing symptoms through a longitudinal imaging-genetic cohort. Distinct neural configurations and cognitive-behavioral relevance highlight the need for tailored therapeutic strategies addressing psychiatric comorbidity across developmental stages.

This study utilized a longitudinal cohort of adolescents to identify distinct brain signatures linked to ADHD symptom trajectories, revealing that specific cortical and subcortical changes correlate with symptom persistence, remission and emergence, enhancing predictive capabilities for ADHD outcomes.

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce type I interferons in response to viral sensing. Here the authors show that amines inhibit these plasmacytoid dendritic cell responses through CXCR4 engagement.

Single iron atoms on nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts are a promising alternative to platinum for the oxygen reduction reaction on fuel cell cathodes, but commonly suffer from low stability. Here an in situ chemical vapour deposition synthetic approach is presented, enabling high iron active site dispersion and reducing surface porosity, which mitigates demetallation and carbon corrosion, ensuring high activity and stability.

This study detects Chlamydia pneumoniae in human retina and brain, increasing with AD severity. Retinal pathogen load with Aβ₄₂ may predict AD stage. In models, infection drives Aβ deposition and NLRP3 activation, worsening pathology and cognition.

Short-lived halogens have a substantial indirect cooling effect on climate and this cooling effect has increased since pre-industrial times owing to anthropogenic amplification of natural halogen emissions.

Despite many recent advances in silicon photonics for optical telecommunications and on-chip optical interconnects, the issue of power consumption has not been fully addressed. Here, Virot et al. propose a waveguide avalanche germanium photodiode suitable for low power consumption interconnects.

Large-effect variants in autism remain elusive. Here, the authors use long-read sequencing to assemble phased genomes for 189 individuals, identifying pathogenic variants in TBL1XR1, MECP2, and SYNGAP1, plus nine candidate structural variants missed by short-read methods.

Retinal prostheses aim to restore sight by stimulating residual retinal cells. Here, the authors develop a photoacoustic stimulation technology using a PDMS and carbon-based flexible film that activates retinal cells with near-infrared laser pulses, ex vivo and in vivo.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

This Review extends fluctuational electrodynamics, introduced originally to deal with radiation due to thermal fluctuations, to provide a unified quantitative theoretical framework that accounts for light emission processes in solids.

Climate change can alter when and how animals grow, breed, and migrate, but it is unclear whether this allows populations to persist. This global study shows that shifts in seasonal timing are key to helping vertebrate species maintain population growth under global warming.

Soil water uptake is a major determinant of plant performance and stress tolerance. Here the authors show that, by affecting xylem formation in the root, natural variation at the Arabidopsis XND1 locus has contrasting effects on root hydraulics and drought tolerance versus pathogen resistance.

Bruijns et al. present a modeling tool that enables the tracking of learning dynamics across subjects to reveal how behaviors emerge and adapt. Applying the tool to a decision-making task in mice uncovers similarities and differences across individuals.

Jean Rintoul and colleagues introduce in vivo acoustoelectric neural recording, using focused ultrasound to recover electrophysiological signals in the rodent brain. This work enables a non-invasive, artefact-robust path toward portable, focal neural recording.

A recently developed class of magneto-sensitive fluorescent proteins are engineered to alter the properties of their response to magnetic fields and radio frequencies, enabling multimodal sensing of biological systems.

Results from the randomized ProfiLER-02 trial, which compared two gene panels in guiding molecular-based treatment in patients with solid tumors, show that a broader gene panel led to more molecular-based recommended therapies compared to a more limited gene panel.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Yakut communities, with Trans-Baikal admixture during the Mongol expansion, preserved genomic diversity and oral microbiomes despite the Russian conquest, which introduced cereals, pathogens and Christianity, whereas marital practices preserved low consanguinity except in one late case of traditional shamanism.

Glasses are known for their intrinsic structural disorder. Here, Wu et al. uncover the hidden spatial organization of topological defects embedded in vibrational eigenmodes, and reveal how these defects govern the emergence of plastic flow under shear.

External Control Arm methods for clinical trials were developed to compare the efficacy of a treatment to a control group that is built with data from external sources. Here, the authors present FedECA, a privacy-enhancing method for analyzing treatment effects across institutions, streamlining multi-centric trial design and thereby accelerating drug development while minimizing patient data exposure.

The authors presented an ultrahigh-responsivity phototransistor with a thin InGaAs film on a silicon waveguide. The effective gating by the silicon waveguide enables 10⁶ A/W responsivity, promising for optical power monitors in Si photonic circuits.

Cavity-mediated interactions lead to collective effects and ordering in ultracold atomic systems. Here, the authors demonstrate the interplay of different ordered states of ultracold Fermi gases in a cavity, resulting from an intriguing coexistence of photon coupling with both atoms and atom-pairs.

Baird et al. present the phase 2 PIONEER trial findings on the antitumor activity of combining aromatase inhibitor letrozole with megestrol in postmenopausal women with operable estrogen-receptor-positive human epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-2-negative breast cancer.

Even when neocortical neurons form in abnormal locations, they retain their identity and function, revealing that brain circuit formation can be guided by intrinsic developmental programs rather than physical position.

Zhu et al. find that aging causes region-specific myelin damage in the spinal cord, which is counteracted by enhanced TGFβ signaling in microglia, revealing a protective mechanism for healthy aging.

Chronic stress disrupts the brain vasculature and contributes to mood disorders, but mechanisms of resilience remain unclear. Here, the authors show that enriched environments increase astrocytic Fgf2 to prevent stress-induced vascular alterations and depressive behavior with relevance to human depression.

DOT1L slows transcription elongation and promotes RNAPII pausing, altering gene expression and creating conditions that enhance AID activity for antibody diversification but also facilitate off-target mutagenesis.

Combining nonlinear optical processes and photoswitching is a challenging goal, driven by significant application potential. Here, the authors report a strategy combining T-type negative photoswitches and two-photon absorption for a four-photon-like fluorescence response.

Far-field mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals both the electroluminescence of hyperbolic phonon polaritons of hexagonal boron nitride excited by strongly biased graphene, and the associated radiative energy transfer through the material.

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-mediated form of cell death that holds promise for targeting treatment-resistant cancer cells. Here, the authors show that AMPK-mediated lipid droplet dynamics modulates the response to ferroptosis inducers in melanoma.

Measles virus and canine distemper virus (CDV) are still causing health impairments in humans and animals. Here, the authors develop a synthetic antibody protecting ferrets from lethal CDV infections, providing a roadmap for antiviral drug design.

Analysing ten bipartite networks of empirically sampled biotic interactions and the associated species’ spatial distribution, the authors model how network degree distributions can be predicted by accounting for the frequency of co-occurrences between species.

Managing power exhaust in fusion reactors is a key challenge, especially in compact designs for cost-effective commercial energy. This study shows how alternative divertor configurations improve exhaust control, enhance stability, absorb transients and enable independent plasma regulation.

Optical spin defects in semiconductors are crucial for applications, but it is often difficult to establish their microscopic origin. A mechanism for the spin behaviour of a family of bright emitters in hexagonal boron nitride has now been identified.

Data collected from zoos and aquariums worldwide show that hormonal contraception or permanent surgical sterilization in mammals increase life expectancy, with different mechanisms in males and females.

Single-layer graphene, owing to its impermeability, is a promising candidate to prevent transmembrane ion transport. Here, the authors report a covalent functionalization method that enables centimeter-sized graphene to function as a proton exchange membrane in a direct methanol fuel cell.

This study provides evidence of a cascading positive tipping point towards electric vehicles, which has occurred or lies within the next few years in lead markets of the EU and China, and potentially the US, and it could spill out into peripheral vehicle marketss across the rest of the world.

Allosteric transcription factors (aTFs) are promising tools for environmental and human health monitoring. Here the authors develop a multi-objective, machine learning-guided method to engineer an aTF-based portable diagnostic for environment sensing of lead in drinking water at the legal limit.

A nine-year transit-timing campaign has measured the extremely low masses and densities of four large planets orbiting the young star V1298 Tau, which are now predicted to contract and form a typical compact super-Earth and sub-Neptune system.

Satellite altimetry reveals intensifying global river water level variability (2016–2024) through increased seasonality, reduced seasonal fluctuations, and escalating hydrological extremes, signaling dual stress from concurrent droughts and floods.