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Here the authors reveal via whole genome sequencing of an East Asian AD cohort a common variant locus (APCDD1), rare noncoding variants in excitatory neurons, and short tandem repeat expansions, suggesting a cumulative effects model for Alzheimer’s risk.

The mechanical properties of silk are determined by tight stacks of sheet-like peptide crystals distributed in amorphous regions. Here, the authors heat and stretch silk fibres to align these crystal into a long range ordered carbon structure and dramatically enhance the silk strength.

The Global Flourishing Study provides a comprehensive view of the distribution and determinants of well-being by assessing domains such as health, happiness, meaning, character, relationships and financial security. Initial findings reveal significant variations in flourishing across countries and demographic groups, with factors such as age, marital status and religious service attendance showing strong associations with well-being.

The strength and stability of silk proteins is thought to be related to the high content of β-sheets within their structures. Here, the authors show that when heated at high temperature, and above that of thermal degradation, these β-sheets are transformed into an ordered hexagonal graphitic structure.

Here, the authors reveal the role of ATG7 in innate immune cells in defending against nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infections by controlling excessive neutrophil-driven inflammation and cell death, which would otherwise promote bacterial overgrowth.

Bialowolski et al. analyse financial well-being across 22 countries using data from the Global Flourishing Study. They find that demographic factors (for example, age) and early-life conditions (for example, childhood finances) correlate with financial outcomes.

Jang et al. examine childhood predictors of daily cigarette smoking in adulthood using survey data from the Global Flourishing Study of 202,898 adults. Adult daily smoking is impacted by childhood parental relationship quality, religious service attendance, poor health, parental divorce, abuse, and being an outsider in the family.

HSD17B4 deficiency disrupts peroxisomal metabolism and causes ciliopathy-like phenotypes. Here the authors show that acetyl-CoA restores primary cilia and improves cerebellar defects in Hsd17B4-deficient models, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.

Research in new alloy compositions and treatments may allow the increased strength of mass-produced, intricately shaped parts. Here authors introduce a superplastic medium manganese steel which has an inexpensive lean chemical composition and which is suited for conventional manufacturing processes.

With a design inspired by wind-dispersed seeds, a series of three-dimensional passive fliers at the macro-, meso- and microscale are realized that can bear active electronic payloads.

Mesoporous metal–organic frameworks containing unsaturated Cr(III) sites are able to thermodynamically and selectively capture nitrogen from mixtures with oxygen and methane.

Eating behviours consist of seeking and consummatory phases. Here, authors show that two distinct lateral hypothalamic leptin receptor neurons orchestrate seeking and consummatory phases of eating behaviour via hunger signal, Neuropeptide Y.

Circular dichroism spectroscopy can determine optical activity in a time-resolved manner, raising the exciting prospect of directly mapping structural changes of important chemical or biological processes involving chiral molecules. Rhee et al. have overcome experimental difficulties to show that optical activity in the infrared can be detected with femtosecond time-resolution by heterodyned spectral interferometry, setting the stage for making 'molecular motion pictures' of fundamental processes from a chiral perspective.

Developing high-performance anion exchange membranes and ionomers is crucial for low-cost alkaline fuel cells. Here, the authors explore rigid and high ion conductive poly(fluorenyl aryl piperidinium) copolymers, extending their applications to anion exchange membrane fuel cells.

Hyung-Lae Kim and colleagues report a genome-wide association study of quantitative traits of biomedical importance in Koreans. Although some loci were previously detected in European populations, others are new.

Cha et al. show that SIRT2 suppression by miR-200c enhances acetylation levels and enzymatic activities of glycolytic enzymes and contributes to metabolic reprogramming of human induced pluripotent stem cells and human embryonic stem cells.

Protonic ceramic fuel cells are promising for energy applications, but maintaining high performance with long-term stability is an issue. Here the authors use a stable yttrium-doped barium zirconate electrolyte, achieving a power output one order of magnitude higher than existing protonic ceramic fuel cells.

We designed various bending hydrogels with symmetric structure that responds to temperature gradient, with inspiration from pine cone. We verified the motion changes based on the amount of content, alignment angle and shape of the layer. The developed system can be applied to various fields, because the direction and curvature can be controlled easily.

The authors identify a role for GABRA5 neurons in the lateral hypothalamus for energy balance regulation. Inhibiting these neurons increases weight gain and lipid accumulation through a process dependent on astrocytic GABA release.

A proof-of-principle study shows that electromagnetic field-based in vivo lineage conversion can be used as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

Current diagnostic methods for invasive aspergillosis are time-consuming and poorly sensitive. Here, the authors show that positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-¹⁸F-fluorosorbitol can visualize Aspergillus fumigatus infection of the lungs, brain and muscles in mouse models, and can distinguish pulmonary aspergillosis from other diseases such as Staphylococcus aureus infection and lung cancer.

Genome-wide single-gene deletion libraries can be important tools for understanding the molecular workings of an organism, but have only been created for a single eukaryotic species, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Now, Kim et al. present a second collection of deletion mutants that covers 98.4% of the genes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, allowing a systematic comparison of gene essentiality and knockout phenotypes between two eukaryotic species.