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Bacterial deaminase toxins are weapons used in interbacterial antagonism and valuable tools in genome engineering. Here, the authors show how a single-stranded DNA-specific deaminase toxin, SsdA, deaminates cytosines in a sequence context-independent fashion and its utility in base editing.

A dynamic Cu–Pt dual-atom catalyst supported on 1Tʹ-MoS₂ can be electrically switched between single- and dual-atom configurations, enabling on-demand control for alkyne semi-hydrogenation.

Diabetes can contribute to pancreatic cancer development as well as be a consequence of it. Here, the authors report that diabetes-induced senescence of endothelial cells promotes pancreatic cancer progression.

Application of Molybdenum alloys is hindered by reduced ductility at lower temperatures. Here, the author shows improved ductility in a Mo alloy with irregular-shaped rare-earth La₂O₃ nanoparticles achieved via rotary-swaging, attributed to the amorphization of the oxide-matrix interface.

Fan et al. describe DF-003, an alpha-kinase 1 (ALPK1) inhibitor that targets the root cause of the rare genetic disease ROSAH syndrome, demonstrating the ability of DF-003 to inhibit ocular inflammatory pathology in ROSAH model mice.

As presented at the 2025 World Conference on Lung Cancer, in a multiarm phase 2 trial, perioperative immunotherapy was safe and feasible in patients with resectable diffuse pleural mesothelioma, with exploratory data suggesting that ctDNA kinetics could be informative of tumor regression and post-treatment survival.

Non-invasive optical imaging tools for early detection of anti-tumor immune responses are essential for precision cancer immunotherapy. Here, the authors report a rare-earth-based NIR-II fluorescence ratiometric nanoprobe (DCGA) for in vivo real-time, precise, and non-invasive visualization of granzyme B activity for early prediction of immunotherapy efficacy.

Polysulfide-iodide redox flow batteries attract great attention, while restricting by the limited energy efficiency and power density. Here, authors introduce single Co atoms into the defective MoS2, endowing a fast transformation of S2−/Sx 2− and I−/I3 −, thus leading to good battery performance.

A novel non-thermal photomagnetic torque originating from spin–orbit coupling of non-equilibrium photocarriers excited by helicity-independent laser pulses is found in (Ga,Mn)As thin films. It differs fundamentally from optical spin–transfer torque. The possibility of studying spin–orbit torques on short timescales achievable by pump–probe magneto-optical measurements is demonstrated.

Here, combining X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron tomography and animal studies, the authors show that the monoclonal antibody against Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP1,2) 3A6 exerts protection via binds to a conformation of GP1,2 that is lifted from the virion membrane, providing insights into the mechanism of action with implications for the design of anti-Ebola therapeutics.

2D MXene hydrogels are promising for diverse applications. Here, the authors report a universal 4D printing technology to manufacture MXene hydrogels with customizable geometry, high conductivity, and efficient pseudocapacitive energy storage ability.

The authors analyze rare coding variants in 1990 individuals with congenital kidney anomalies, finding diagnostic variants in 14.1% of cases. They identify two new causal genes, ARID3A and NR6A1, along with 38 candidate genes, providing evidence for shared genetics with other developmental disorders.

Machine-learned potentials are accurate but often lack broad applicability. Here, authors develop a general-purpose neuroevolution potential for 16 metals and their alloys, achieving efficient and accurate predictions of various physical properties.

Traditional electrorefining process is limited by deposition potential of the metal itself. Here, the authors explore an in-situ anodic precipitation process based on different solubility of target metal chlorides that can efficiently separate components of aluminum alloys.

A shallow-water anoxic zone sandwiched between the oxic surface layer and mid-depth water masses occurs in the oligotrophic early Tonian Xuhuai basin of North China craton. It is analogous to, but much shallower than, modern oxygen minimum zones.

The establishment of functional vasculatures requires the specification of newly formed vessels into veins and arteries. Here, Neal et al. use a combination of genetic approaches in mice and zebrafish to show that BMP signalling, via ALK3 and SMAD1/5, is required for venous specification during blood vessel development.

Al/CuO/V₂C nanocomposites, created via a novel self-assembly method, show enhanced energy release and safety. Structure varies with V₂C amounts, enabling tunable performance and complete Al oxidation, ideal for microinitiator applications.

The electronic band structure of (Ga,Mn)As has been debated due to contrasting reports of experimental findings from samples differently synthesized. Nĕmec et al.show that a careful optimization of the synthesis protocol is necessary to evaluate the intrinsic semiconducting and magnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)As.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Excited states of molecular radicals are often composed of multiple electronic configurations. Here, the authors use light-assisted scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize these configurations through tuning of the applied voltage.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and its metabolite 1-MNA have been implicated in liver disease and stress adaptation. Here, the authors show that NNMT/1-MNA protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating the AKT/FOXO1/ANGPT2/JNK axis.

Due to their nature antiferromagnets are difficult to probe with conventional magnetometers. The Néel vector of a practically important antiferromagnet, CuMnAs, has now been determined by a femtosecond pump–probe magneto-optical experiment.

Extracellular vesicles have been exploited as potential therapeutic agents. Here, the authors apply a nanovial technology to select sub-populations of cells that secrete high levels of extracellular vesicles, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy when delivered in vivo.

Owing to their valley degree of freedom, atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides show promise for valleytronics. Here, the authors leverage the dark excitons of two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures to demonstrate a microsecond valley polarization memory effect.

Grasslands tend to be limited by both nutrient and water availability. Here the authors use standardized field experiments to show that the effects of nutrient addition on grassland biomass may cancel out the negative impact of drought, but the outcome depends on aridity and other local conditions.

It is challenging to purify and prepare large amount of methacrylated proteins from cells. Here, the authors develop genetic code expansion technology to site-specifically incorporate ε-N-Methacryllysine into proteins and identify the post-translational modification ε-N-methyl-ε-N-methacrylation.

Rapid detection of diverse biomarkers is crucial for public health. Here, the authors develop NAPTUNE, a versatile platform that identifies multiple nucleic acids and proteins targets within 45 minutes using a nuclease cascade.

The metal monochalcogenides are a group of van der Waals layered semiconductors with ultra-high plasticity. It is now revealed that their plasticity is attributed to the ability to transform their stacking order or phases, coupled with the concurrent generation of a micro-crack network.

Nanographenes, finite models of graphene sheets, are endowed with intriguing optical, electronic, and spintronic features which can be tuned by replacing carbon via heteroatom-doping. Here the authors extend the concept of heteroatom nanographene doping to include metal centers.

Ammonia can store and transport renewable energy for large-scale and long-term use. This Review discusses its synthesis under mild conditions through metal-mediated electrochemical, direct plasma-catalytic and tandem plasma-electrocatalytic processes, along with economic considerations and utilization in hydrogen production and fuel cells.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.

To experimentally confirm the predicted type-II Weyl fermions in transition metal dichalcogenide, the evidence of inversion symmetry breaking is required. Here, Zhanget al. report Raman spectroscopic evidence for the inversion symmetry breaking in MoTe₂.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

NUP98–IQCG is a fusion protein found in acute leukaemia that functions as a regulator of transcriptional expression. Here, Chen et al. investigate IQCG-mediated calcium signalling in haematopoiesis, and propose a model where IQCG can store calmodulin, which once released, activates CaM-dependent kinase IV.

Here, the authors demonstrate a wafer-scale, low-temperature process using atomic layer deposition, for the synthesis of uniform, conformal amorphous boron nitride (aBN) thin films. They further fabricate aBN-encapsulated monolayer MoS₂ field-effect transistors.