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The authors detail human antibodies that neutralize all three serotypes of poliovirus and mimic poliovirus receptor binding, accelerating antiviral development to further efforts to eradicate poliovirus.

Implementation of ultralong transients on an Orbitrap mass spectrometer improves mass resolution, sensitivity and accuracy of charge determination in the analysis of large macromolecular ions.

A nine-year transit-timing campaign has measured the extremely low masses and densities of four large planets orbiting the young star V1298 Tau, which are now predicted to contract and form a typical compact super-Earth and sub-Neptune system.

Non-uniform noise introduces bias in multivariate analysis of mass spectrometry data. Here, the authors study the noise structure of the widely used Orbitrap to develop a data scaling method that reduces this bias resulting in clearer separation of chemical information from noise in biological data.

A flexible micro-electrocorticography brain–computer interface that integrates a 256 × 256 array of electrodes, signal processing, data telemetry and wireless powering on a single complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor substrate can provide stable, chronic in vivo recordings.

Plant roots in thawing permafrost soils act to enhance microbial decomposition and the loss of soil organic carbon, according to an analysis of observational data and a rhizosphere priming model.

HIV infection triggers transcriptomic remodelling and a quiescence programme via KLF2 and the p53 pathway leading to proviral silencing.

Neurotrophin receptor TrkB regulates neuronal growth and neuroplasticity. Here, the authors present the NMR structure of the intramembrane region of TrkB activated by antidepressant drugs, yielding insights into receptor function.

Intuitive control of bionic arms has greatly improved over the past years, however, it is still not possible to restore natural sensory feedback. Here, the authors create a biological communication interface for both controlling a prosthesis and supplying sensations associated with the missing limb in rats.

Cross-neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies against poliovirus serotypes is less commonly reported. In this study, the authors use high-resolution cryo-EM to reveal that a cross-neutralizing human antibody neutralizes all three poliovirus serotypes by interacting with the receptor-binding region, called the canyon.

Constraints from satellite dynamics coupled with spin angular momentum show that young Jupiter had a radius twice its current value and a ~21 mT magnetic field, and was accreting material at a rate of one Jupiter mass per million years.

The extreme fields generated when a high-intensity laser or relativistic electron passes through a plasma offer the potential to accelerate particles over shorter distances than is possible with conventional accelerators. A new study suggests that driving a plasma with protons rather than electrons could be the key to generating TeV electron beams by this process.

Ancient DNA reveals how the explosive expansion of Yamnaya steppe pastoralists began with a small community north of the Black Sea speaking ancestral Indo-European, and detects genetic links with Anatolian speakers, stemming from a common Indo-Anatolian homeland in the North Caucasus–lower Volga region.

Gebhardt and colleagues developed a computational method using a naïve Bayes classifier to identify optimal protein labelling sites. Their analysis of 100+ proteins revealed four predictive parameters, leading to a Python package and a web-tool for protein structure analysis and labelling score calculations.

The mass precision and resolution in charge-detection mass spectrometry can be improved by correcting frequency drifts of single ions. Now, chasing these individual ions for seconds in an Orbitrap mass spectrometer has revealed the exceptional stability of ultra-high-mass ions, culminating in an effective resolution of greater than 100,000 at m/z = 35,000.

Structural and functional studies reveal how viral proteins trigger the phage antirestriction induced system (PARIS) to degrade host tRNA and how viral tRNAs suppress the PARIS nuclease and thereby overcome this phage defense system.

Present preparation methods fail to meet fully the demand for structurally pure single-walled carbon nanotubes; surface-catalysed cyclodehydrogenation reactions are now shown to convert precursor molecules deposited on a platinum(111) surface into ultrashort nanotube seeds that can then be grown further into defect-free and structurally pure single-walled carbon nanotubes of single chirality.

The involvement of cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4 in the chronotropic heart rate response is a matter of debate. Here the authors use a knockin mouse model expressing cAMP-insensitive HCN4 channels to discover an inhibitory nonfiring cell pool in the sinoatrial node and a tonic and mutual interaction between firing and nonfiring pacemaker cells that is controlled by cAMP-dependent regulation of HCN4, with implications in chronotropic heart rate responses.

Deep brain stimulation has been investigated as a potential treatment for cognitive impairments in Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors carry out post hoc analysis of multi-center cohorts to investigate the anatomical and functional correlates of effective deep brain stimulation, and find that stimulating circuit of Papez, fornix and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and a multi-region functional network, were associated with clinical improvement.

A genome-wide association study in ~3 million individuals identifies 3,952 independent variants associated with educational attainment. A polygenic index explains 12–16% of variance for this trait and contributes to risk prediction for ten diseases.

Nucleocytoplasmic Large DNA Viruses (NCLDV) that infect algae encode two distinct families of microbial rhodopsins. Here, the authors characterise two proteins form the viral rhodopsin group 1 OLPVR1 and VirChR1, present the 1.4 Å crystal structure of OLPVR1 and show that viral rhodopsins 1 are light-gated cation channels.

The strained topology of [n]paracyclophenylenes ([n]CPPs) typically prevents their π sysytem from being extended, but now the formation of a planar π-extended CPP has been achieved through a bottom-up on-surface synthesis approach. The planar π-extended [12]CPP produced by this method is a nanographene featuring an all-armchair edge, which leads to delocalized electronic states around the entire ring.

Biomarkers of age and frailty may aid in understanding the aging process, predicting lifespan or health span and in assessing the effects of anti-aging interventions. Here, the authors show that combining physics-based models and deep learning may enhance understanding of aging from big biomedical data, observe effects of anti-aging interventions in laboratory animals, and discover signatures of longevity.

Steering nanobots in crowded biological environments raises questions about the limits on the size of a steerable propeller under thermal noise. Here, the authors theoretically investigate torque-driven actuation of magnetic nanohelices in a viscous fluid, revealing that weak rotational diffusion significantly disrupts their orientation and propulsion, offering insights into the challenges of controllable steering at the nanoscale.

Hundreds of genetic loci associated with age at menopause, combined with experimental evidence in mice, highlight mechanisms of reproductive ageing across the lifespan.

Soils from 30 grasslands across Europe were subjected to 4 contrasting extreme climatic events under drought, flood, freezing and heat conditions, with the results suggesting that soil microbiomes from different climates share unified responses to extreme climatic events.

A man/machine interface based on the activity of spinal motor neurons reinnervating the muscles of a missing limb in amputees enables the generation of neural signals for potential prosthetic control.

Photoacoustic imaging is limited by a lack of contrast agents which can enable combined molecular and physiological imaging at depth. Here the authors address these limitations by developing and validating a contrast agent based on targeted liposomes loaded with J-aggregated indocyanine green dye.

The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke.

The authors describe the cocrystal structure of the highly efficient polyethylene terephthalate-degrading hydrolase PHL7 with its product terephthalic acid and elucidate the role of residues in subsites I and II for its thermal stability and of residue L210 for its high activity.

A genetic study identifies hundreds of loci associated with risk tolerance and risky behaviors, finds evidence of substantial shared genetic influences across these phenotypes, and implicates genes involved in neurotransmission.

A soft X-ray ptychography approach can now image 5-nm-sized objects. Chemical component distributions in the delithiation of LiFePO₄ nanoplates — a process relevant for energy storage — links structural defects to chemical phase propagation.

Hollunder et al. identify networks where deep brain stimulation reduces symptoms for Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome, dystonia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. This revealed a fronto-rostral topography that segregates the frontal cortex.

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors require operation at T < 4 K, and successful attempts to extend their operation at 20 K and above using high-T_C BSCCO flakes come at the cost of lower scalability to large areas. Here, the authors break this trade-off by using high-quality MgB₂ films and exploiting a helium-ion beam-based irradiation process.

Adipose tissue is composed of a number of adipocytes and a number of other cells including immune cells. Here the authors use single-cell sequencing of murine brown adipose tissue immune cells and describe multiple macrophage and monocyte subsets and show that monocytes contribute to brown adipose tissue expansion.

Extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) congregates in clusters called ecDNA hubs that promote intermolecular interactions between gene-regulatory regions and thereby amplify the expression of oncogenes such as MYC in cancer cell lines.

Aging is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases and functional decline. Here, the authors investigate the fluctuations of physiological indices along aging trajectories and observed a characteristic decrease in the organism state recovery rate.

Glycerol phosphate modifications of cell wall carbohydrates localize regulators of cell division in Streptococcus mutans.

Perovskite morphology dictates carriers’ behaviors and defect states, and thus the ultimate performance of the material. Here, the authors investigate micro-wrinkle formation in film by varying composition and deposition condition, and further implement the optimized structure for solar cells, achieving 23% efficiency.

The authors report the identification of phazolicin (PHZ) - a prokaryotic translation inhibitory peptide - and its structure in complex with the E. coli ribosome, delineating PHZ’s mode of action and suggesting a basis for its bacterial species-specific activity.

Genetic, structural and biochemical analysis identifies GacH as a glycerol phosphate transferase that modifies N-acetylglucosamine components of group A carbohydrates (GAC) in streptococcal cell walls.

A low-cost high-throughput photoacoustic imaging based on an ergodic relay coupled with a single-element ultrasonic transducer that can capture a wide-field image with only a single laser shot is demonstrated.

The RNA polymerase from the crAss-like bacteriophage phi14:2, which is translocated into the host cell with phage DNA and transcribes early phage genes, is structurally most similar to eukaryotic RNA interference polymerases, suggesting that the latter have a phage origin.

Upon transition to stationary phase or upon stress, bacteria limit protein synthesis through small inhibitory proteins that bind the ribosome. Here the authors decipher the interaction mode of the bacterial ribosome silencing factor (RsfS) at atomic details to provide an in depth view of how it shutdowns ribosomes.