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Rocca et al. examine the effect of early-life adverse experiences, including early adulthood, on late-life morbidity using a cohort study in the US. The authors show that both adverse childhood experiences and abuse in childhood or early adulthood are associated with an accelerated accumulation of morbidity later in life.

Species differences in innate immune sensing could impact nanomedicine development. Here the authors examine phagocyte recognition and show the defined molecular patterns on polymer-coated nanoparticles in different species are driven by ficolin and complement opsonisation.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

Multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) together with deep-learning-based nucleus segmentation enabled the construction of a highly detailed and informative spatially resolved single-cell atlas of human fetal cortical development.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

A hybrid analogue–digital quantum simulator is used to demonstrate beyond-classical performance in benchmarking experiments and to study thermalization phenomena in an XY quantum magnet, including the breakdown of Kibble–Zurek scaling predictions and signatures of the Kosterlitz–Thouless phase transition.

Continuous variable quantum key distribution allows secure communication that is more robust against channel losses than discrete approaches, yet is strongly affected by noise. Madsenet al.devise a continuous scheme for modulated entangled states that is more tolerant to noise and loss than other protocols.

Estimates from the Global Dietary Database indicated that 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases were attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages worldwide in 2020, with the highest burdens in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Complement 5 (C5) generates the C5a anaphylatoxin and C5b, a component of the membrane attack complex. Andersen and colleagues present the crystal structure of C5 and identify similarities and differences between C5 and other complement proteins.

Giardia lamblia intestinal infection is independently associated with faltering linear growth in children in low-middle income countries, yet the mechanistic pathway has not been clearly identified. Authors utilise the MAL-ED cohort, and a gnotobiotic murine model, to explain Giardia-induced effects on childhood growth.

Regional differences in SARS-CoV-2 variants may affect treatment outcome. Here, the authors show that near-sourced convalescent plasma has higher efficacy, as defined by death within 30 days of transfusion, than plasma sourced more than 150 miles away.

The spatial scale over which metal–insulator transitions happen is not known, despite the importance of this phenomenon in basic and applied research. The authors show that in chromium-doped V₂O₃, with decreasing temperature, microscopic metallic domains coexist with an insulating background.

Ramachandran plots are a convenient means of describing protein backbone conformation by depicting the distribution of Ca bond rotations. Here, the authors devise an alternative descriptor based on hydrogen bond rotations, and apply it to describe protein structures using a vocabulary of 30 hydrogen-bonding motifs.

Highly mobile electrons at the interface of two perovskite oxides are of considerable interest for electronic applications. In this work, the discovery of such an electron gas at the interface of a spinel and a perovskite oxide represents a new approach to look for oxide systems with enhanced properties.

State-of-the-art methods for sensing weak AC fields are only efficient in the low frequency domain. Here, Stark et al. demonstrate a sensing scheme that is capable of probing high frequencies through continuous dynamical coupling by applying it to a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond.

Multi-ancestry genome-wide analyses identify 95 loci associated with post-traumatic stress disorder and implicate candidate genes, pathways and neurobiological systems underlying its pathophysiology.

Nutrient manipulation of low-phosphorus soil in an old growth Amazon rainforest shows that phosphorus availability drives forest productivity and is likely to limit the response to increasing atmospheric CO₂ concentrations.

Real-time quantum feedback control can be used to cool quantum systems to their motional ground states, but this has been so far achieved via classical probe fields. Here the authors report feedback cooling of a mechanical oscillator using a squeezed field, reporting higher cooling rate over classical light.

An end-to-end continuous-variable quantum key distribution system with an untrusted node is proposed. A proof-of-principle experiment shows that 10⁻¹ secret key bits per relay use are distributed at 4 dB loss, corresponding to 20 km in optical fibre.

Polyketide natural products often contain common repeat motifs that are synthesized using iterative processes. Now a masked 1,3-diol motif, generated by a two-step process based on boronic ester homologation, has enabled the efficient iterative synthesis of polyacetates, including bahamaolide A. In addition to oxidation, the 1,3-polyboronic esters were shown to undergo various stereospecific transformations.

Establishing the relative transmissibility of emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 is key for pandemic management. Here, the authors use full-population administrative data from Denmark linked to PCR test results and estimate that the Alpha variant was ~60% higher than other strains circulating in early 2021.

Here, the authors report the observation of two solid-state analogues of well-known high-energy physics effects in graphene samples irradiated by infrared photons under non-equilibrium conditions. Depending on the carrier density of graphene, they observed asymmetric plasmon damping, and anomalous photocurrents associated with the condensed matter versions of the Cherenkov and Schwinger effects.

3D printing has enabled materials, geometries and functional properties to be combined in unique ways but printing multiple materials remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate how spatial distribution of different material phases can be modulated by controlling the kinetics of gelation, cross-linking density and material diffusivity in vat polymerization.

Shen et al. report a method for multiplexing isogenic iPSCs for single-cell RNA-seq. With it, they created an atlas of in vitro differentiation and identified TMEM88 as a regulator of cardiovascular development, impacting blood pressure in adult mice.

Nonreciprocal alignment couplings, common in many active matter systems like bacterial predator-prey systems, can lead to the spontaneous emergence of time-dependent chiral states, marked by exceptional points at the field-theoretical level. In particle systems, the study shows that either fully synchronized or chimera-like chiral states emerge, with exceptional points leaving clear traces.

Act1 is an adaptor protein that associates with the IL-17 receptor at the cell membrane. Li and colleagues show that Act1 also exhibits unexpected RNA-binding activity and directly stabilizes select mRNAs encoding inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were detected early and multiple cases of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance were identified using high-resolution wastewater and clinical sequencing.

G-protein-gated inward rectifying potassium channels (GIRKs) require G_βγ subunits and phosphorylated phosphatidylinositides (PIPs) for gating. Here authors use native ion mobility mass spectrometry to monitor small molecule binding events to GIRK2 and shed light on the selectivity of GIRK2 towards PIPs.

FRB 20221022A, detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst project, shows a pronounced change in polarization during the burst, providing important clues into the nature of the source.

Ruth Loos and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 181,171 individuals identifying 14 new loci associated with heart rate and test these for association with cardiac conduction, rhythm disorders and cardiovascular disease. Their experimental studies in Drosophila melanogaster and zebrafish models provide support for a role for 20 candidate genes at 11 of these loci in regulation of heart rate.