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Commercial lithium-ion batteries still have the issue of the uncontrollable dendritic Li under extreme conditions. Here, authors demonstrate a MXene-configured graphite, enabling homogeneous growth of Li, achieving high-capacity retentions in Ah-level pouch cell at −20 °C and high rates.

Cold tolerance at the booting stage is critical for the expansion of rice cultivation area. Here, the authors report that a CAMTA family transcription factor encoding gene CTB3 positively regulates japonica rice booting stage cold tolerance and its upstream and downstream interactors to fulfill the functionality.

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory disease of the skin and mouse models may not reproduce the human disease. Here the authors show that UEB2L3 is involved in human psoriasis and that a mouse model deficient in Ube2l3 recapitulates major features of the human disease involving CXCL16 and CD8 or γδ T cells secreting IL-17 to exacerbate skin inflammation.

Mechanisms confer to the enhanced cold tolerance in japonica rice have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors report a homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) I transcription factor encode gene CTB5 is responsible for japonica rice cold tolerance by interacting with genes in gibberellin and abscisic acid pathways.

Colorectal cancer can be difficult to treat due to multiple biological barriers. Here, the authors report an orally delivered microbial–inorganic hybrid that combines electrogenic bacteria with MnO₂ nanoparticles to disrupt tumour metabolism, trigger pyroptosis, remodel immunity, and achieve tumour-targeted therapy.

Fungal diseases threaten crops worldwide. By resolving the cryo-EM structure of fungal succinate dehydrogenase, researchers designed an inhibitor with broad antifungal activity, strong field performance, and reduced environmental toxicity.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

Tailored non-aqueous electrolyte solutions are formulated using data obtained from extensive analytical measurements and analyses. These optimized electrolytes improve the cycling performance of single-layer stack lithium metal pouch cells, particularly in lean electrolyte conditions.

Spontaneous scrolling in two-dimensional polar van der Waals materials, driven by intrinsic out-of-plane electric polarization, enables the scalable production of nanoscrolls and their heterostructures.

How replication stress affects nuclear integrity is not fully understood. Here, the authors report that replication stress induces DNA damage and nuclear envelope reassembly defect during mitosis, which is suppressed by DNA polymerase theta mediated end joining.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common cause of female infertility linked to metabolic and hormonal imbalances. Here, the authors show that androgen driven SLC1A5 upregulation increases glutamine uptake, leading to abnormal follicular development in PCOS via histone deacetylation.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

The authors develop a molecular dopant to avoid the dimerization of the electron-selective material phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester, resulting in enhanced stability and efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells.

Static cloaking and camouflage remain a central challenge in mechanics. Yang et al. introduce an irregular growth strategy with limited building blocks of varying stiffness, enabling complex void structures for effective cloaking and mutual camouflage under diverse loading.

Dihydrouridine (D) is an abundant RNA modification but its functions are currently unclear. Here, authors develop CRACI, a sensitive method for transcriptome-wide, single-base D mapping, identifying sites across mammalian and plant transcriptomes and identifying DUS2L as a mitochondrial D writer.

Florets of indica rice open earlier than japonica rice, hindering utilization of the cross subspecies heterosis. Here, the authors show that an OsMYB8-OsJAR1 module regulates diurnal floret opening time divergences between the two subspecies.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis produces linoleic acid, which is released from macrophages during infection and upregulates regulatory T cell activity, to suppress macrophage control of intracellular bacteria in mice.

DNA damage from chemotherapy can activate cGAS–STING and interferon pathways. Here, the authors show that cGAS–STING signaling is specific to DNA rich in CA repeats, whereas DNA not rich in CA repeats is detected by AIM2, resulting in opposing tumor immune responses.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Basalt clasts returned by Chang’e-6 suggest a lunar farside mantle potential temperature that is approximately 100 °C cooler than the nearside mantle, according to a petrologic study combined with thermobarometric modelling and remote sensing data.

Dual-atom catalysts have the potential to accelerate the reaction kinetics of polysulfide conversion. Here, authors design a Ga-Cd diatomic catalyst that efficiently facilitates the conversion of solid-phase potassium polysulfides via strong orbital electron coupling of p-block Ga and d-block Cd, enabling high-performance K-S batteries.

Using computational and experimental methods, Ouyang and Chen et al. reveal a drug design principle that the hydrophobic properties of small-molecule drugs significantly influence their ability to engage with and effectively target phase-separated proteins.

The scalability of the droplet-based electricity generators is hindered by their low efficiency and volatile output. Here, the authors integrate the generators with ultrafast microsupercapacitors and optimise the placement of the bottom electrodes for improved performance and scalability.

A combination of adenovirus-vectored and subunit protein intranasal vaccine enhances immune response against SARS-CoV-2 variants in animal models and humans.

P-Stereogenic organophosphorus compounds are a class of highly important compounds due to their potentials in asymmetric catalysis, both as ligands or catalysts. Here the authors report a regio-, E-, and enantioselective phosphinylation of allenylic acetates with racemic secondary phosphine oxides under bimetallic Pd/Cu catalysis.

Metronomic photodynamic therapy is a long-term, low-dose treatment strategy limited by the need of continuous photosensitizer administration. Here this group reports combining the self-bioluminescent bacteria with a neutral red photosensitizer in alginate microcapsules as a self-driven metronomic photodynamic therapeutic system with preclinical anti-cancer effects.

The triple synergy of oxygen, proton, and electron supply is crucial for hydrogen peroxide photosynthesis. Here, the authors report a squaric-acid zwitterionic covalent organic framework that achieves this synergy, boosting hydrogen peroxide yield and enabling solar-driven continuous-flow production.

Autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) models to replace human decision-making in medical intervention need thorough testing. Here authors present the results of a clinical trial, NCT05600855, in which daGOAT, a conditional autonomous artificial intelligence agent successfully makes the decision whether to prescribe an immune suppressive drug to prevent severe acute graft-versus-host disease following HLA-mismatched haematopoietic cell transplantation.

The coffee-ring effect has been a challenge for scalable fabrication and deployment of organic photovoltaics. Here, the authors employ a fluorinated rheology modifier to modulate the rheological properties and improve wettability, achieving an efficiency of 17.85% in green-printed solar modules.

A sustainable two-step strategy for oxime synthesis in a neutral KHCO₃ medium is reported. Free-state NH₂OH is initially synthesized via nitrite electroreduction over a Ketjen-black-supported iron phthalocyanine catalyst, followed by a chemical aldehyde or ketone oximation using the electrochemically synthesized NH₂OH.

The interfacial energy losses at the perovskite/electron selective contact interface remain an obstacle for perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells to approach its theoretical efficiency limit. Here, authors employ a cage-like diammonium chloride molecule to modulate interfacial dipole.

Intestinal motility disorders that can occur following small intestine resection often require regular monitoring. This study reports a biodegradable ultrasound contrast tape (BioUCT) that adheres to the intestine for high-contrast imaging for up to two weeks for non-invasive monitoring of postoperative intestinal motility.

Adding excess m-Li₂ZrF₆ (monoclinic) nanoparticles to a commercial LiPF₆-containing carbonate electrolyte forms a stable interphase rich in t-Li₂ZrF₆ (trigonal), enhancing Li-ion transfer, suppressing dendrite growth and considerably improving the cycling stability of high-rate lithium metal batteries.

Low-cost conversion cathodes are promising for future all-solid-state battery technology, but their poor electronic and ionic conductivity restrict reactions to three-phase boundaries. By using mixed ionic–electronic conductors, conversion reactions can be initiated at two-phase boundaries, resulting in enhanced discharge capacity and lifespan.

Anti-TSLP biologics have shown promise for the clinical treatment of type 2 respiratory disease. Here the authors present a clinical trial of CM326, a monoclonal antibody against TSLP, and show the clinical effects in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRSwNP), who present with type 2-dominant inflammation.

In a small trial of patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis, treatment with allogeneic T cells with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor inserted into the T cell receptor locus and deletion of the PD-1 (PDCD1) gene were safe and associated with reduced disease activity.

The sensitivity of Li-ion battery materials to moisture complicates their synthesis, storage, processing and recycling. Here, authors show that protonation causes structural instability in LiNi_xCo_yMn_1-x-yO₂ (0 <x,y < 1) and that controlled H⁺ and Li⁺ concentration in aqueous processing is critical.

Cells decode temporal patterns into gene expression states through amplitude and frequency modulation. Now it is shown that frequency modulation increases information entropy compared with amplitude modulation alone.

O-sulfation is a widespread modification of both endogenous and exogenous biomolecules, where the primary objective is to identify effective sulfuryl donors. Here the authors report manganese catalyzed late-stage O-sulfation with tetrabutylammonium p-nitrophenyl sulfate, which is compatible with complex natural products and pharmaceutical scaffolds.

Coastal risk assessment under future climate change is important for effective adaptation, but multidimensional analyses are still rare. Here the researchers find that inappropriate development policies could have a greater effect on exposure to flooding than sea-level rise up to 2100 in China.

Zhao et al. report a smart phosphor that exhibits adaptive light-induced photoluminescence variation and dark recovery with non-destructive readout functions. It mimics synaptic behaviors in a full-photoluminescent manner, enabling an alternative way of all-optical physical reservoir computing.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.