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Bacterial colonies growing on solid surfaces can exhibit robust expansion kinetics, with constant radial growth and saturating vertical expansion. Here, the authors use modeling and experiments to show that colony growth dynamics are driven by an interplay of mechanical constraints and nutrient gradients arising from obligatory metabolic processes.

Observations indicating the chiral nature of superconducting states in five rhombohedral tetralayer and pentalayer graphene devices without moiré superlattice effects are reported, establishing a pure carbon material for the study of topological superconductivity.

Targeted multielement substitution of a lead-free relaxor ferroelectric perovskite distorts the lattice structure and induces strong polar disorder, leading to high-polar-entropy ferroelectric oxides with a high electrocaloric effect and long lifetime.

Methods for the enantioconvergent tertiary C–H functionalization are scarce, but desired for the construction of valuable compounds. Now, a highly enantioconvergent tertiary β-C(sp³)–H amination of racemic ketones with copper/chiral phosphoric acid dual catalysis is reported.

Pan-genome and pan-3D genome analyses of the Gossypium genus reveal evolutionary relationships among transposon-driven genome expansion and chromatin topology innovation and regulatory variations for cotton fiber development.

Genetic load is often overlooked in conservation predictions of species response to climate change. This study found that effective population size was the major determinant of genetic load and that genetic load helps predict the fate of Arabidopsis populations under future climate change.

It is challenging to purify and prepare large amount of methacrylated proteins from cells. Here, the authors develop genetic code expansion technology to site-specifically incorporate ε-N-Methacryllysine into proteins and identify the post-translational modification ε-N-methyl-ε-N-methacrylation.

Openshaw and colleagues find myeloid inflammation and complement activation signatures in patients with long COVID who were previously hospitalized.

Ferroptosis is cell death caused by lipid peroxidation and plasma membrane rupture. Here, the authors report an additional role for the lipid flippase SLC47A1 as a regulator of lipid remodeling and survival during ferroptosis, thereby providing a metabolic target for overcoming drug resistance.

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements in CoSi reveal the presence of unconventional chiral fermions near the Fermi level, with giant surface Fermi arcs and one pair of well separated chiral nodes.

Organic phosphors with ultra-long lifetimes and an emission colour that can be tuned by the excitation wavelength are reported.

The development of highly efficient catalysts for the selective upgrading of biomass remains a huge challenge. Here, the authors report a Cu single-atom catalyst that facilitates the solar-driven synthesis of renewable chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass and green methanol as a hydrogen donor.

Fu, Sun, Xue, Zhou et al. show that the mitoprotease LONP1 selectively degrades a complex II component to control intracellular succinate levels, which is needed for white-to-beige adipocyte cell fate programming during adipocyte thermogenic remodelling.

The authors report Bose–Einstein condensation of a two-magnon bound state in Na₂BaNi(PO₄)₂. This should stimulate further work on these types of geometrically frustrated materials.

A new study reconstructs eight-century streamflow over the South and East Tibetan Plateau, showing that observations underestimate the full range of long-term streamflow variability and revealing contrasting regional variability in streamflow between south and north study regions.

Heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and ERBB4 signaling has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target. Here they identify small molecule ERBB4 agonists capable of decreasing cardiomyocyte damage and fibrosis in models of cardiovascular disease.

Abnormal angiogenesis is a key process associated with ischaemic retinopathies such as diabetic retinopathy, for which the underlying pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, the authors show that AGGF1/TNFSF12/FN14 signalling pathway regulate the pathological angiogenesis of ischaemic retinopathy

The authors report an Initial Upper Palaeolithic archaeological assemblage from China dating to 45,000 years ago that includes blade technology, tanged and hafted projectile points, long-distance obsidian transfer and the use of a perforated graphite disc.

Neoadjuvant treatment represents a therapeutic option for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). Here the authors report the results of a randomized phase 2 trial of camrelizumab (anti-PD1) and apatinib (anti-VEGFR2) combined with nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 versus chemotherapy alone as neoadjuvant treatment for LAGC.

PDK4-dependent lactate production by senescent stromal cells is shown to promote cancer growth and drug resistance and might have a broader role in the emergence of age-associated diseases.

Obesity is a significant health risk, and current treatments are inadequate. This study reveals that AA005, an annonaceous acetogenin mimic, targets mitochondrial HADHA in adipose tissue to boost thermogenesis via the UCP1 pathway, providing a promising new strategy for obesity treatment.

The pan-genome of 17 wheat cultivars grown in China is explored, providing insights into the breeding history of wheat in East Asia.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

A sequencing chemistry that separates nucleotide identification from nucleotide incorporation achieves high accuracy.

Results from the PRADO extension cohort of the OpACIN-neo trial show that pathologic response rate to neoadjuvant ipilimumab and nivolumab can be used as a criterion for personalization of further treatment in stage III nodal melanoma, with the potential to reduce treatment morbidity and increase patient quality of life.

Tong et al. describe a super pangenome assembled from long-read sequences of 545 wild and domesticated silkworms. Naturally selected (diapause, aposemantic coloration) or artificially selected (silk yield and fineness) sets of genes are delineated.

Point-defect metamaterials have the property of concentrating vibration energy at the defect location. We design an environmental monitoring node based on this property, which can efficiently convert wave kinetic energy into electrical energy for real-time monitoring of the ocean environment.

The marine compound microcolin B stimulates the Hippo pathway and selectively kills YAP-dependent cancer cells by inhibiting phosphatidylinositol transfer protein and depleting plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate.

How aging induces aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) remains unclear. Here, the authors show that aging induces miR-1204 to inhibit MYLK, promoting vascular smooth muscle cells to acquire senescence-associated secretory phenotype, resulting in vascular inflammation, and the aggravation of AAD formation.

Achieving the modular synthesis of various CF₂-containing building blocks from a single compound remains a formidable challenge. Herein, the authors present a Cu-catalyzed switchable defluoroborylation and hydrodefluorination of trifluoromethylated alkynes, affording four types of synthetically challenging CF₂-containing compounds.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

sp³ amorphous carbon exhibits exceptional mechanical, thermal, and optical properties, but cannot be synthesized using traditional processes. Here authors report a nearly pure sp³−hybridized amorphous carbon synthesized from C₇₀ which shows more short/medium-range order and enhanced thermal conductivity compared to C₆₀.

The variation on molecular topology and aggregation behaviour of tethered small molecule acceptors is critical to device operating performance. Here, the authors designed two isomeric dimers via the thiophene-core engineering and realize device efficiency of 18.1% and long stability in solar cells.

The Hedgehog proteins have fundamental roles in the development of many metazoans, but comparative analyses are revealing intriguing differences, as well as similarities in the Hedgehog pathway among species. Such studies are also improving our understanding of Hedgehog regulation and how it contributes to patterning.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.