Search

Samples from the Chang’e-6 mission show that the lunar magnetic field rebounded in field strength after its previous sharp decline of about 3.1 Ga.

Here the authors reveal a study of 486,956 Han Chinese individuals showing that most people with genetic variants affecting drug response do not have the predicted adverse events, highlighting the challenges of implementing pharmacogenetics in clinical practice.

Control of liquid-based materials is important for developing materials based on these, but topological flexibility is limited. Here, the authors report a method for digital fabrication of slippery objects with solid-liquid composite interfaces and geometric design freedom.

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory disease of the skin and mouse models may not reproduce the human disease. Here the authors show that UEB2L3 is involved in human psoriasis and that a mouse model deficient in Ube2l3 recapitulates major features of the human disease involving CXCL16 and CD8 or γδ T cells secreting IL-17 to exacerbate skin inflammation.

Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is the current standard treatment for advanced bladder cancer, but resistance typically develops within a year, highlighting the need for new therapies. This study demonstrates that NECTIN4-targeting CAR T cells are effective against bladder cancer, including EV-resistant cells, and their potency can be further enhanced by using rosiglitazone to boost NECTIN4 expression.

Here Chang et al. found that two kinesins, HUG1 and HUG2, form a kinesin cage encasing the vegetative nucleus and a distinctive double-layered kinesin microtubule cage around the generative cell, tethering them into a male germ unit and aiding sperm delivery.

Chang’E-5 and Chang’E-6 lunar soils show higher δ30Si than lunar basalts, with CE-6 having the highest value, suggesting space weathering produced by micrometeorite impacts alters Si isotopes of lunar soils, with stronger effects on the farside.

The authors integrate single-cell transcriptomic data with prior gene graphs to produce a biologically meaningful cell state manifold that can predict driver genes for genetic perturbations and differentiation events across diverse cell types.

Maintaining proper reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance is critical for cellular and individual health, yet its dynamic nature encumbers monitoring and assessment. Here the authors propose a platform using mass cytometry-based detection, termed SN-ROP, to identify distinct ROS profiles associated with specific immune cell functions and disease states.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

Overnutrition has been linked to increased risk of cancer. Here, the authors show that exceeding nutrients suppress Enoyl-CoA hydratase-1 (ECHS1) activity by inducing its acetylation resulting in accumulation of fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids and oncogenic mTOR activation.

The insertion of thin layers of cobalt can stabilize β-tungsten under back-end-of-line thermal constraints, allowing a 64-kb spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory to be fabricated that offers a spin–orbit torque switching of 1 ns, data retention of more than 10 years and a tunnelling magnetoresistance of 146%.

Through binding mitochondrial ATP synthase, engineered nanomedicines rejuvenate aged bone stem cells and restore osteogenesis, reversing osteoporosis in mice and offering a potential senolytic therapy for skeletal ageing.

Here, the authors report that SARS-CoV-2 M protein interacts with host ARF1 to facilitate viral assembly at the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and demonstrate that targeting ARF1 or its interaction with the M protein disrupts virus production in vitro and in vivo, proposing a potential broad-spectrum therapeutic approach.

Fang et al. demonstrate that OsHSFA4d enhances thermotolerance by activating HSP101 and promoting CslF6 expression, which suppresses disease resistance. It is phosphorylated by OsCDPK24/28, increasing its DNA binding ability under heat stress. This trade-off mechanism of abiotic/biotic stress may broadly exist in plant kingdom.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) uses Fenton chemistry to covert hydrogen peroxide in cancer cells to toxic hydroxyl radicals, but endogenous hydrogen peroxide is insufficient to drive sustainable CDT. Here, the authors report a water oxidation CoFe Prussian blue nanoframe to provide sustained, external energy free self-supply of hydroxyl radicals for CDT.

The intrinsic instability of wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells is predominantly attributed to the vacancy defects caused by multiple ion migration. Here, authors incorporate an ether ring supramolecule into perovskites and achieve an efficiency of over 28% for all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

In this clinical trial, the authors demonstrate that recombinant gE-Fc Fusion Protein Vaccine LZ901 for herpes zoster induces superior cellular immunogenicity and exhibits a better safety profile than HZ/su in adults ≥50 years, supporting its potential as vaccine candidate.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been studied for their cardiovascular benefits in type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors show that GLP-1 RAs are associated with reduced mortality and improved cardio-renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients with acute kidney disease.

Combination of epidemiology, preclinical models and ultradeep DNA profiling of clinical cohorts unpicks the inflammatory mechanism by which air pollution promotes lung cancer

The red fluorescent protein mScarlet3-H is bright, photostable and very robust to high temperature, chaotropic conditions and oxidative environments. mScarlet3-H works well in correlative light and electron microscopy, tissue clearing and time-lapse super-resolution microscopy.

Adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) has been implicated in inflammation and obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here the authors show that AMPK is suppressed in ATMs from mice fed with high fat diet, leading to subsequent activation of SUCLA2, over-production of succinate and IL-1β, and ultimately inflammation and obesity.

The decarbonization of energy systems requires access to minerals that are critical for manufacturing low-carbon technologies. Here researchers show that meeting climate targets could be impeded by material shortages, revealing the importance of diverse solutions that balance mitigation, equity and resource constraints.

Sadhu et al. identify and functionally validate ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) as a determinant of cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular risk in Asian populations.

Here, the authors present cryo-EM structures of Anhydromuropeptide permease in apo-inward, apo-outward, inward-occluded, and an outward-facing substrate, providing mechanistic insights into muropeptide translocation.

Acrolein, a byproduct of polyamine metabolism and chemotherapeutic agents, is also found in cigarette smoke. Here the authors report that acrolein mediates spermine-induced ferroptosis, while in ferroptosis-resistant cancer cells, acrolein suppresses necroptosis by inhibiting the oligomerization of MLKL, contributing to chemotherapy resistance.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A, a quinochalcone di-C-glycoside, is clinically used for acute ischemic stroke. Here, authors elucidate its biosynthetic pathway, revealing that CtCGT and Ct2OGD1 coordinately catalyze di-C-glycosylation and dearomatization in the final step.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Wu and colleagues show that T_H17 cells arising in the gut in response to segmented filamentous bacteria can convert to highly mobile follicular helper T_FH17 cells, emigrate to the spleen and regulate auto-antibody production and arthritis severity.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

In an updated report on 70 laboratory-confirmed highly pathogenic avian influenza A H5N1 cases in the USA between March 2024 and May 2025, the absence of human-to-human transmission to date was confirmed, with no known mutations of resistance to neuroaminidase inhibitors.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

Youn et al. unveil two regulatory events that link translation and metabolism in beige adipocyte: attenuated translation of OXPHOS genes modulating mitochondrial activities and elevated ribosome pauses responding to intracellular glutamate decrease.

Subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer can be challenging based on pathology. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics analysis of 229 patients to identify further subtypes, and altered immune composition between subtypes.

Antimicrobial resistance has evolved over decades due to widespread antimicrobial use, with resistance genes now circulating across humans, animals and the environment, creating complex cross-sector connectivity challenges. This Perspective advocates for genomics-based studies of AMR connectivity to enable coordinated global action and investment under the One Health framework.

Rhombohedral-stacked molybdenum disulfide with sliding ferroelectric behaviour can be used to create atomically thin ferroelectric transistors for computing-in-memory device applications.

Nutrient competition is a major obstacle to probiotic survival and success in treating inflammatory bowel disease. Here, the authors report on an ameba-inspired food-carrying strategy developed to provide a prebound food supply, free from competition, to improve probiotic survival increasing therapeutic potential.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

Graphene photodetectors to date have been based on field effect transistor structures and not suitable for large-scale devices. Here, the authors report an all-graphene photodetector composed of chemical vapour deposition graphene, which displays a photoresponsivity of up to 1.0 A W⁻¹.

The CAPItello-291 phase 3 study reported that capivasertib (an AKT inhibitor) and fulvestrant (a selective estrogen receptor degrader) improved progression free survival in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Here, the authors report the results of an extended Chinese cohort recruited as part of the original global CAPItello-291 study.

In this Viewpoint, five professors at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) discuss how this university, with world-class faculty, state-of-the-art research infrastructure and strong partnerships with global industry leaders, drives innovation across the entire semiconductor ecosystem — shaping the future of semiconductors in South Korea and beyond.