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The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib has been used for treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and its association with clonal evolution requires further investigation. Here the authors report accumulation of RAS pathway mutations in ruxolitinib-treated myelofibrosis patients, stemming from RAS clonal selection induced by JAK2 inhibition.

ERBB2 overexpression in human breast cancer leads to invasion and metastasis. Here the authors report that ERBB2 induces indirect phosphorylation of TOM1L1 that promotes trafficking of the metalloprotease MT1-MMP to invadopodia, which leads to tumour cell invasion.

Leukemia cells resistant to CD123-targeted therapies are susceptible to a trifunctional NK cell engager.

A region on chromosome 19p13 is associated with the risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer. Here, the authors genotyped SNPs in this region in thousands of breast and ovarian cancer patients and identified SNPs associated with three genes, which were analysed with functional studies.

One-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures can realize atomically thin transistor junctions. Here, the authors study electron transfer in such layered structures using ultrafast diffraction and spectroscopy as well as theoretical simulations.

A new dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period of Chile (about 150 million years ago) has been discovered and identified as a primitive kind of theropod that, unusually, was herbivore.

The APOE4 allele is a major genetic risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this manuscript, Butovsky and colleagues suggest that APOE4 impairs the microglial response in AD by inducing TGFβ-mediated checkpoints.

Understanding the emergence of renormalized quasiparticles in strongly correlated electron materials remains a significant challenge. Here, the authors use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, supported by theoretical calculations, to provide experimental indication of distinct successive spin and orbital screening mechanisms in RbFe₂As₂, clarifying their role in the transition from a bad metal to a correlated Fermi liquid.

Retinoblastoma is the most frequent intraocular paediatric malignancy whose molecular basis remains poorly understood. Here, the authors perform multi-omic analysis and identify two subtypes; one in a cone differentiated state and one more aggressive showing cone dedifferentiation and expressing neuronal markers.

The hippocampus geometrically represents both physical location and abstract variables on a neural manifold in mice performing a decision-making task in virtual reality.

Breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers varies depending on other genetic factors. Here, the authors perform a case-only genome-wide association study and highlight novel loci associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Fine-mapping of causal variants and integration of epigenetic and chromatin conformation data identify likely target genes for 150 breast cancer risk regions.

Many African countries have reported relatively low numbers of COVID-19 cases but the true scale of the epidemic is unclear. Here, the authors conduct a population-based survey in a province of Cameroon and estimate 29% seroprevlance, >300 fold higher than the nationwide attack rate implied by case counts.

Understanding how climate change will impact whole ecosystems, rather than single species within them, remains challenging. Now, research into the direct and indirect impacts of climate on the functioning of Arctic terrestrial ecosystems reveals effects on tundra primary production, food-web structure and the strength of species interaction.

Brain and skull development are intimately related across tetrapods. Here, the authors show a close relationship between brain and skull roof across evolutionary transitions and ontogenetic stages of reptiles.

Triggering and sustaining fusion reactions — with the goal of overall energy production — in a tokamak plasma requires efficient heating. Radio-frequency heating of a three-ion plasma is now experimentally shown to be a potentially viable technique.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

Jeremy Gauthier et al. present the chromosome scale assembly of the genome of the parasitic wasp C. congregata and show that bracovirus genes have colonized all ten chromosomes. Comparison with genome scaffolds of another wasp reveals a striking stability of these regions over ~53 million years, suggesting strong evolutionary constraints.

Low- and middle-income countries share the greatest burden of cancer mortality globally but lag behind high-income countries in terms of clinical trials. Here we discuss the challenges facing low- and middle-income countries and the opportunities for conducting trials of affordable, accessible and effective interventions relevant to the local population.

Combined analysis of proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN by the CMS and LHCb collaborations leads to the observation of the extremely rare decay of the strange B meson into muons; the result is compatible with the standard model of particle physics, and does not show any signs of new physics, such as supersymmetry.

A detailed and systematic neutron scattering study of rare-earth pyrochlore magnet Pr₂Hf₂O₇ provides evidence for a quantum spin ice state, and emergent lattice quantum electrodynamics consistent with theoretical predictions.

A detailed neutron-scattering study reveals a quantum spin liquid behaviour in Ce₂Sn₂O₇ originating from its higher-order magnetic multipolar moments acting on the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore lattice.

Ripamonti et al. provide mechanistic insight into the contribution of individual Paxillin LIM domains in targeting and maintaining the structural integrity of focal adhesions (FAs). They show that mechanical coupling of paxillin in the FA to the plasma membrane or integrin is important for FA stability and integrin-talin linkage.

Warming-induced changes in permafrost, peatlands, lakes, snowpack, vegetation, and vertebrates could impact northern ecosystem integrity, with different response times across components and latitude, according to an expert assessment of sensitivity in northern landscapes.