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Despite improving therapeutic options, the prognosis for patients with metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains poor. Here, the authors identify MCL1 copy number alterations as a prognostic and predictive biomarker, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as a drug target, either alone or in combination, in patients with mCRPC.

Electrochemical CO_x reduction to multi-carbon products is hindered by low energy efficiency, in part due to sluggish ion transport across charge-selective membranes used in electrolysers. Here the authors use a porous, non-charge-selective separator that enhances ion transport and improves performance for CO electrolysis.

Van Hove singularities in crystals and the boson peak in glasses are both deviations from the Debye theory of phonons. A unified model for the vibrational density of states now shows when these two phenomena have distinct phononic origins.

Ancient genomes from Neolithic rice-farming populations at Baligang reveal a demographic shift around 4,200 years ago and a 5,000-year-old patrilineal social structure, providing insights into the population history of East Asia.

The spatiotemporal relationship between neuromodulator and neurotransmitter dynamics and neuronal activity remains unclear. Here, the authors performed dual-color imaging of calcium and ACh/5-HT signals across the fly brain, revealing a key role of ACh dynamics in stable odor representation.

PROTACs induce degradation by bridging a target protein and E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, authors show that protein interface frustration correlates with cooperativity, offering a structural metric to prioritize PROTAC candidates prior to synthesis.

The Macaque Biobank initiated by Zhang et al. provides a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic characterization of Chinese rhesus macaques (CRMs). This resource enhances our understanding of the genetic diversity of CRMs and holds potential for biomedical research.

EMO integrates DNA sequence and chromatin accessibility data to predict how noncoding variants regulate gene expression across tissues and single cells, enabling context-aware personalized insights into genetic effects for precision medicine.

Crosstalk between the brain and CLNs is critical in brain pathologies. Here, the authors show in a mouse model that extravasated erythrocytes following SAH are degraded by cathepsin S of medullary LECs in CLNs, which plays an important role in SAH pathology.

The accrual of soil carbon from absorptive fine roots exceeds that of leaf litter in forests despite lower productivity, according to an analysis of field observations from Northern Hemisphere forest sites.

Natural variation of the F-box protein ZmFBL41 in maize confers resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal fungus for banded leaf and sheath blight in maize, through decreased interaction of ZmFBL41 with the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase ZmCAD.

Soil water uptake is a major determinant of plant performance and stress tolerance. Here the authors show that, by affecting xylem formation in the root, natural variation at the Arabidopsis XND1 locus has contrasting effects on root hydraulics and drought tolerance versus pathogen resistance.

Frequency metrology lies at the heart of precision measurement. Here, authors establish a phasecoherent frequency link across microwave, optical, and free-electron domains. This bridges electromagnetic waves and electron matter waves, advancing ultrahigh-precision electron spectroscopy.

The study reveals a nanobody that blocks LGR4 to activate fat browning and combat obesity, offering structural insights and a potential strategy for weight loss therapy.

Cardiovascular diseases often co-occur. Here the authors conduct cross-disease genome wide association studies using multi-trait analyses to uncover shared genetic mechanisms contributing to overlapping risk profiles.

Molecular-dynamics-simulation-guided evolution of flavoenzymes produces efficient catalysts for non-C₂-symmetric biaryl synthesis with excellent atroposelectivity, offering promise for natural product synthesis and pharmaceutical applications.

CRISPR-based diagnostics are often limited by complex workflows and poor validation. Here the authors develop and validate a one-pot asymmetric CRISPR assay, which permits rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis in a format which is suitable for resource-limited settings.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

Bone marrow adipose tissue is linked to skeletal and metabolic health. Here, the authors use deep learning and GWAS to identify genetic determinants of bone marrow fat and reveal a causal link between femoral fat content and osteoporosis risk.

Ethanol electrosynthesis from CO reduction is achieved using an oxygen-affinity-engineered copper alloy catalyst. Unlike conventional CO dimerization pathways, which yield diverse products, this catalyst selectively promotes the CO–CH_x coupling route, enabling selective ethanol production.

A microchip-based DNA synthesis method enables scalable production of complex DNA constructs.

It is generally assumed that modulating magnetic properties via linear excitations of Raman-active phonons is forbidden in inversion symmetric magnets. Here, Luo, Ning, Ilyas, von Hoegen, and coauthors demonstrate a linear excitation of Raman-active lattice vibrations, via magnon-polaron excitation.

Growth of uniform crystalline β-Ga₂O₃ on poly-diamond substrates is achieved using a graphene interlayer to facilitate nucleation, enabling ultralow interfacial thermal resistance, overcoming lattice mismatch and alleviating thermal expansion stress.

Integrated multi-omic analyses using samples from the TRACERx study highlight cross-talk between DNA hypermethylation and genomic lesions in non-small cell lung cancer.

Regulatory T cell therapy has shown some success therapeutically in the context of autoimmunity and transplantation. Here the authors explore the impact of IL-6, TGF-β and IL-2 on pathogenic Th17 cell generation post regulatory T cell therapy, and show therapeutic blockade of IL-6/STAT3 can reduce their generation in murine models of inflammatory disease.

Strategies for asymmetric control in electrosynthesis involving radicals are sought after. Now asymmetric Lewis base catalysis is combined with electrochemistry, enabling the oxidative radical cross-coupling of esters with silyl enol ethers and affording γ-keto esters in high enantiomeric excess.

In a small trial of patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis, treatment with allogeneic T cells with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor inserted into the T cell receptor locus and deletion of the PD-1 (PDCD1) gene were safe and associated with reduced disease activity.

Lu et al. characterize cis-regulatory element dynamics at different stages of colorectal cancer progression and identify a functional variant associated with increased colorectal cancer risk because of selective transcription factor binding.

Federated learning (FL) algorithms have emerged as a promising solution to train models for healthcare imaging across institutions while preserving privacy. Here, the authors describe the Federated Tumor Segmentation (FeTS) challenge for the decentralised benchmarking of FL algorithms and evaluation of Healthcare AI algorithm generalizability in real-world cancer imaging datasets.

Cervical cancer screening and detection can be challenging in regions with limited medical resources. Here, authors develop a low-cost compact microscope and AI-assisted system for cervical precancer screening to identify high-risk cases in these regions.

High plating currents are achieved in solid-state batteries without dendrites by densifying Li₆PS₅Cl, with modelling showing how specific microstructural changes increase the critical current density.

A soft, finger-worn haptic interface consisting of four serpentine-structured shape memory alloy actuators can implement 11 distinct patterns of tactile sensations composed of shear, normal and circular rubbing forces.

The design and assembly of interlocked supramolecular cages is of interest due to their exquisite topological configuration and excellent performance in a variety of applications. Here, the authors synthesize interlocked cages from half-sandwich rhodium building blocks and prepare membranes for applications in photothermal seawater desalination.

Here, the authors identify >200 host proteins regulating bandavirus replication via an ISG library screen. With SFTSV as the main model, they then uncover a notable antiviral mechanism of CCND3 and the viral antagonism, offering new insights into virus-host interplays.

Optically generated microwaves offer exceptionally low noise, crucial for radar and communications. Here, authors demonstrate a compact photonic chip-based interleaver multiplying pulse rates of mode-locked lasers to 14 GHz, significantly enhancing microwave power and reducing phase noise.

Quantum information cannot be copied, posing challenges for long-distance communication due to signal losses. Here the quantum relay architecture using a single-photon source enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of quantum information transmission.

tRNAs contain many chemical modifications that regulate their function. Integrating smFRET and cryo-EM approaches, this work demonstrates that m¹G37 in tRNA^ProL stabilizes its conformation in the ribosomal P site in a manner that suppresses mRNA frameshifting and ensures translation fidelity.

Dual-scale chemical ordering in CoNiV-based alloys improves the synergy of strength and ductility at cryogenic temperatures, providing an approach for obtaining high-performance metallic materials for cryogenic applications.

The O-alkylation of tertiary alcohols with racemic tertiary electrophiles to access chiral hindered dialkyl ethers has remained elusive. Now this synthetic challenge has been accomplished by copper-catalysed C–O cross-coupling between tertiary haloamides and alcohols using designed ligands.

Stable and robust topological edge modes are observed at finite temperatures in an array of 100 programmable superconducting qubits because of emergent symmetries present in the prethermal regime of this system.

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a diverse group of chemicals whose biosynthetic pathways are poorly described. Here, the authors show that clustering of hydroxylase and O-methylase genes suggests that reaction interdependency may be an evolutionary force of gene cluster formation in plants.

Long-lasting oxygen catalysts are crucial for rechargeable zinc-air batteries. Here, the authors report that placing tungsten atoms next to iron atoms within N₄ units creates durable Fe-N₄/W-N₄ diatomic sites, enabling a zinc-air battery to cycle reliably for more than 10,000 h.

Lunar construction is advancing rapidly, yet its environmental implications on Earth remain largely overlooked. Emissions, material scarcity, and supply chain impacts associated with lunar development indicate the need for early evaluation within the frameworks of Earth’s planetary boundaries.

A brain space-time-coding metasurface platform is proposed by integrating visual stimulation for brain–computer interfaces with dynamic electromagnetic wave manipulations, enabling physical-layer secure wireless communication and mind-driven device control.

Researchers from the NCI report how 14-3-3 proteins keep the Parkinson’s-associated kinase LRRK2 inactive, offering structural insights into disease mechanisms and highlighting strategies to stabilize LRRK2 for potential therapeutic benefit.

Lineage tracing in mice identifies a subpopulation of basal cells that express Tmprss2 and Nkx3 as the origin of ERG-driven prostate cancer. Upon expansion, these cells show an enrichment for STAT3 chromatin binding and elevated expression of KMT2A and DOT1L as dependencies for ERG oncogenicity.

Ligand-targeted nanocarriers are desirable for their potential to enhance precise drug delivery to targeted tissues, but their clinical translation faces challenges like protein corona formation. Here, Li et al. develop surface-galloylated liposomes that enable stable, non-covalent adsorption of antibodies while overcoming protein corona interference.

High-resolution speleothem records and an isotope-enabled climate model suggest distinct responses of East Asian summer monsoon δ¹⁸O to various kinds of interstadials, driven by nuanced shifts of Westerlies modulated by high-latitude warming intensity.

Bioelectronic sensors can use bacteria to detect toxins as electrical signals but are limited to single analytes. Here, the authors combine synthetic biology and electrochemistry to create a multi-channel bioelectronic sensor that detects multiple toxins and encodes digital output.