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Multi-enzymatic cascades benefit from precise nanometric organization but achieving this using available scaffolds is challenging. Here the authors present strategy for organizing multienzymatic systems using a protein scaffold based on TRAP domains, and demonstrate improved catalytic output.

An analysis based on data from the Global Dietary Database shows mean animal-sourced food intakes among children and adolescents increased modestly from 1990 to two portions per day in 2018, but remain low in sub-Saharan Africa, India and Bangladesh.

Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging a mitochondrial tRNA with its amino acid. Here, the authors describe pathogenic variants in the GatCAB protein complex genes required for the generation of glutaminyl-mt-tRNA^Gln, that impairs mitochondrial translation and presents with cardiomyopathy.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

In Alzheimer’s disease, the role of connectivity in facilitating pathology accumulation remains unclear. Using in-vivo neuroimaging, the authors show that tau and reactive microglia follow connectome gradients, underlying cognitive decline.

Here, de Vries et al. perform a pre-clinical characterization of the antimalarial compound MMV693183: the compound targets acetyl-CoA synthetase, has efficacy in humanized mice against Plasmodium falciparum infection, blocks transmission to mosquito vectors, is safe in rats, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling informs about a potential oral human dosing regimen.

CLN7 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is an inherited lysosomal storage disease typically with childhood onset of neurodegenerative symptoms. Here the authors report that in a mouse model of CLN7 disease neuronal reactive oxygen species and the activity of glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 are increased, while PFKFB3 inhibition ameliorates hallmarks of pathology.

Dietary quality is reported at the global, regional and national level across 185 countries. Though diet quality increased modestly since 1990 at the global level, in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa it did not improve. In some regions, children’s dietary quality is lower than that of adults.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

The SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant suppresses innate immune responses more effectively than isolates of first-wave SARS-CoV-2, and this is a result of mutations outside of the spike coding region that lead to upregulation of viral innate immune antagonists.

Notch signaling mediates intestinal enteroblast specification in Drosophila but the molecular mechanism as to how this is regulated is unclear. Here, the authors show that the transcription factor Klumpfuss ensures enteroblast commitment through repression of enteroendocrine cell fate downstream of Notch.

Theories predict a large thermopower and a quantized thermoelectric Hall conductivity in topological semimetals. Here, the authors observe an ultrahigh longitudinal thermopower and a giant power factor attributed to the quantized thermoelectric Hall effect in a Weyl semimetal TaP.

Mutations in the CHKB gene cause muscular dystrophy. Here, the authors show that in mouse models of the disease changes in lipid metabolism are associated with decreased PPAR signaling, and show PPAR agonists can rescue expression of injury markers in myocytes in vitro.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Giardia lamblia express a dense coat of variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) on trophozoites that protects the parasite inside the host´s intestine. Here the authors show that stability and immunomodulatory properties of VSPs can be exploited to both protect and adjuvant vaccine antigens for oral administration.

Results from the PESCADOR seismic experiment in the southern Gulf of California observe large differences in rifting style and magmatism over short lateral distances, concluding that variation in mantle 'fertility', rather than temperature, most likely accounts for the observed range in magmatism.

Aß are extracellular deposits relevant in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study shows that Aß plaques are hubs of endothelial disassembly that induce non-productive angiogenesis. This process is aided by the microglia and unchained by reduced presenilin function, a trait of AD, in endothelial cells.

R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures that contribute to genome instability and accumulate in neurological diseases. Here the authors identify R-loop proximal factors, which are enriched for zinc finger and homeodomain proteins, including activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP). ADNP plays a role in R-loop resolution and loss-of-function leads to R-loop accumulation.

The Amazon exemplifies conflicts between extractive resource use and conservation goals. This study finds lead in livers of Amazonian game comparable to levels in industrialized nations and that lead ammunition and oil-related pollution are key sources.

There is currently no disease-modifying treatment for Parkinson’s disease, a common neurodegenerative disorder. Here, the authors use genetic variation associated with gene and protein expression to find putative drug targets for Parkinson’s disease using Mendelian randomization of the druggable genome.

The authors investigate the broad-scale climatological and soil properties that co-vary with major axes of plant functional traits. They find that variation in plant size is attributed to latitudinal gradients in water or energy limitation, while variation in leaf economics traits is attributed to both climate and soil fertility including their interaction.

Biological activity can be photoswitched by light-regulated drugs, but so far only diffusible ligands have been shown to work on endogenous receptors. Here the authors develop targeted covalent photoswitches that couple to a protein target by ligand affinity, and demonstrate photocontrol of GluK1-expressing neurons.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

Seagrass meadows are important but one of the most threatened ecosystems globally. Here the authors analyse data about extent and density of seagrasses in Europe from 1869 to 2016, and find evidence of recent trend reversal for declining European seagrass meadows.

Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from individuals with autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease reveals how this complex and chronic disease evolves over many decades.

This overview of the ENCODE project outlines the data accumulated so far, revealing that 80% of the human genome now has at least one biochemical function assigned to it; the newly identified functional elements should aid the interpretation of results of genome-wide association studies, as many correspond to sites of association with human disease.

The ATM kinase is a key regulator of the DNA damage response to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and its homozygous loss in patients predisposes to lymphoid malignancies. Here, the authors develop a Tdp2^−/− Atm^−/− double-deficient mouse model to uncover topoisomerase II-induced DSBs as significant drivers of the genomic rearrangements that underpin these tumours.

Remote sensing of geospatial biodiversity patterns is an important complement to field observations. This priority list suggests how remote sensing observations can be better integrated into the essential biodiversity variables.