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Metabolic liver disease is highly prevalent in subjects with obesity and involves inflammation, insulin resistance, and fibrosis, leading to cirrhosis. Here, the authors show the IFNγ-IL12 axis in regulating intercellular crosstalk in the liver and playing a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic liver disease.

Combining a large-scale dataset of 23 ungulate species (in which newborns follow contrasting tactics of predator avoidance) with continuous-time stochastic movement models, the authors reveal that there are multiple dimensions of maternal movement behaviour and space use.

Primordazine inhibits poly(A)-tail-independent noncanonical translation (PAINT) in early zebrafish embryos and in mammalian cells under select conditions, an effect mediated by deadenylated 3ʹ UTRs that results in ablation of primordial germ cells.

A study by Tajadura-Ortega et al. uses glycan microarrays to reveal how vaginal microbiota interacts with host glycans, offering insights into how glycan interactions influence bacterial colonization and competition.

Actin in migrating cells adopt distinct geometries depending on the migration mode. Using a probe to highlight membrane-bound actin, the authors reveal that fly macrophages require coordination of lamellar and cortical actin networks during motility.

CSF MTBR-tau243 is more related to tau tangles and clinical cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease than phospho-tau biomarkers, which are more related to amyloid plaques.

Thousands of rare oncogene variants are evaluated using multimodal gene editing screens.

A/Texas/37/2024 (huTX37-H5N1), a virus isolated from the eyes of an infected farm worker who developed conjunctivitis, proved lethal in mice and ferrets, spreading systemically with high titres in both respiratory and non-respiratory organs, and transmitted by respiratory droplets in ferrets.

Cecilia Lindgren and colleagues report results of a large-scale genome-wide association study for waist-to-hip ratio, a measure of body fat distribution. They identify 13 new loci associated with this trait, several of which show stronger effects in women than in men.

Observations of a luminous quasar from the high-resolution spectrometer Resolve aboard XRISM revealed highly inhomogeneous wind structure outflowing from a supermassive black hole, which probably consists of up to a million clumps.

Implementation of the recently adopted World Health Organization resolution on kidney health will require not only additional funding, but also strategic investment. Embedding kidney health interventions into primary care and community-based non-communicable disease prevention and treatment platforms can rebalance resource allocation across the care continuum, improving both sustainability and fairness.

Characterization of quorum sensing-regulated antibiotic production by Streptococcus salivarus and signal eavesdropping by Streptococcus pyogenes enables engineering of a probiotic strain to prevent pathogen signal eavesdropping and antibiotic degradation, and inhibit colonization.

Isolation and optimization of antibodies targeting the malaria parasite may offer the potential for immediate protection as a prophylactic intervention to prevent severe disease.

Fishing has had a profound impact on global reef shark populations, and the absence or presence of sharks is strongly correlated with national socio-economic conditions and reef governance.

Large genome-wide meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) from 94,437 individuals identifies new LOAD risk loci and implicates Aβ formation, tau protein binding, immune response and lipid metabolism.

The development of materials for efficient hydrogen storage is desirable. Now, hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks exhibiting both high volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen storage capacities have been synthesized; hydrogen-bonding interactions are key to guide the catenation of the structure, effectively minimizing the surface area loss in the supramolecular crystals.

The antitumour activity of bispecific antibodies in immunocompromised hosts can be potentiated via allogeneic T cells engineered with a T-cell receptor that decouples antigen-mediated T-cell activation from T-cell cytotoxicity.

DNA nanotechnology is useful in preparing nano- and meso-components, but transfer to macroscale arrangements is challenging. Here, the authors report an assembly approach combining DNA programmable assembly with process controlled by acoustic fields to prepare macroscale morphologies.

This study presents a bronchoscopically induced lung cancer model in Oncopigs with inducible KRAS and TP53 mutations. Showing high induction rates and human-like tumoral gene expression, the model offers a translational complement to rodent systems.

Better approaches are crucial to improve identification of people with active tuberculosis (TB), accelerate treatment and curtail disease transmission. A randomized trial suggests that a mobile clinic using DNA-based diagnosis is one such tool to reduce time to treatment of individuals with TB.

Case report of an individual heterozygous for a rare RELN-COLBOS variant that confers resilience, via a gain-of-function mechanism, to Alzheimer’s disease.

Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from individuals with autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease reveals how this complex and chronic disease evolves over many decades.

Dietary methionine restriction has been reported to protect from cancer. Ji et al. describe a cancer-promoting effect of methionine restriction mediated by gut microbiota-induced sulfur deficiency and suppression of antitumour immunity.

Here, the authors use cryo-EM to solve the structures of seven potent human antibodies, and demonstrate in vivo protection in a liver burden assay, using chimeric Plasmodium berghei sporozoites expressing Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein.

Multicolor imaging employing genetically-encodable fluorescent proteins permits spatiotemporal live cell imaging of multiple cues. Here, authors use multicolor lifetime imaging to visualize quadruple-labelled human immunodeficiency viruses within cellular contexts.

Ruth Loos and colleagues report results of a large genome-wide association study for body mass index. They identify 18 new loci associated with this trait, some of which map near key hypothalamic regulators of energy balance.

Timothy Frayling, Joel Hirschhorn, Peter Visscher and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for adult height in 253,288 individuals. They identify 697 variants in 423 loci significantly associated with adult height and find that these variants cluster in pathways involved in growth and together explain one-fifth of the heritability for this trait.

RH5, which is part of the trimeric RCR-complex essential for invasion, is a vaccine candidate for malaria. Here, Williams et al. show that monoclonal antibodies targeting each of the three proteins in the RCR-complex can work together to more effectively block the invasion of red blood cells by Plasmodium falciparum and design a combination vaccine candidate.

A DNA sequencing method with single-molecule fidelity detects mismatches and damage present in only one of the two DNA strands with patterns that are both similar and distinct compared to known mutation patterns.

Plasma extracellular vesicles contain quantifiable amounts of TDP-43 and full-length tau, allowing the accurate assessment of pathology in frontotemporal dementia, frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Interactions between plexin B2 on hepatocytes and sempahorins on disseminated tumour cells regulate metastatic seeding in the liver.

Fluorescence polarization (FP) equilibrium binding assays differ from other types of binding studies in one important regard: they require no steps to separate free from bound tracer and are therefore fast, simple and accurate.

The genomic landscape of hereditary SDHB-mutant pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PG) remains to be explored. Here, the authors perform multiomic analysis on 94 tumours from 79 patients and identify the molecular features of metastatic disease and treatment response.

Cerebrospinal fluid measures of isoform-specific tau species from the microtubule-binding region serve as the first fluid biomarkers of primary tauopathy.

Matson et al. performed single nucleus sequencing of the “spared” spinal cord tissue distal to an injury in mice. They found that spinocerebellar neurons expressed a pro-regenerative gene signature and showed axon outgrowth after injury.

Longitudinal study of plasma biomarkers, in two independent cohorts, highlighted only p-tau217 as a surrogate marker of disease progression in early Alzheimer’s disease, supporting the development of new disease-modifying treatments.

The signaling mechanisms regulating adipose thermogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Here, the authors show that a brown fat-enriched adipokine ADISSP promotes adipose thermogenesis and improves metabolic health independently of b-adrenergic receptor.

Genome-wide analyses identify common variants associated with 11 distinct neuropathology endophenotypes, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying the genetic risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.

The authors show that protein oligomerisation depends on cellular location, test the predictions of constructive neutral evolution on the evolution of homomers, hypothesising that macromolecular crowding and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis are key factors in their evolution.

Advances in biomarkers, blood tests and disease-modifying therapies have created a credible path to clinical prevention of Alzheimer disease (AD). In this Perspective, the authors discuss promising approaches to the prevention of AD and highlight strategic gaps.

Multiple domestication-related traits in cultivated soybeans are pleiotropic effects of a locus composed of two tandemly duplicated long noncoding RNAs that act via sRNA repression of MYB transcription factors.