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Cancer immunotherapy benefits from antibody-lectin chimeras that block glyco-immune checkpoints.

De novo domestication was performed on the brassica Thlaspi arvense (pennycress) by identifying and stacking CRISPR-induced mutations to create a new intermediate oilseed crop that can be grown in the off-season, with seed compositions similar to canola (low erucic acid and reduced glucosinolate).

The role of oxytocin in modulating astrocytes during stress behaviour is not fully understood. Here the authors show that in the amygdala, oxytocin modulates stress related behaviour by transient Gαi-dependent retraction of astrocytic processes, followed by enhanced neuronal sensitivity to extracellular potassium.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes mutually influence each other’s function. This study shows that ER-located ryanodine receptors physically connect with lysosomes, favoring lysosomal availability for autophagy over lysosomal secretion.

Thermal models predict that spreading velocity at mid-ocean rifts should influence the geometry of the underlying magma chamber. InSAR data from the slow-spreading Ethiopian Rift identify a shallow, elongated magma chamber—a feature usually associated with fast-spreading rifts—beneath the Erta Ale segment, implying that spreading velocity may not be so important after all.

Recently, a reconfigurable DNA nunnery (domino array) was created with four-way DNA junction motif to realize stepwise transformation by the information relay between neighbouring four-way junction units. Here, the authors generate a DNA domino array with same sequences at every junction and use it as a platform to study how the design of DNA bases at junctions influences the kinetics and thermodynamics of transformation of four-way junctions in reconfigurable DNA nanoarrays.

Allostery is a hallmark of cellular function and important in every biological system, but difficult to artificially mimic. Here, the authors report an approach to study aspects of allostery in artificial systems, using a DNA origami domino array structure which, upon binding of trigger DNA strands, undergoes a stepwise allosteric conformational change that can be monitored by a double FRET probe.

Metabolic strategies of cave microorganisms are poorly studied. Here, the authors show that cave microbes use atmospheric trace gases hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane as energy and carbon sources, sustaining primary production and revealing how life can thrive in oligotrophic and dark ecosystems.

Spontaneous parthenogenesis in sunflower has been used to develop a scalable doubled haploid breeding system.

This protocol extension enables researchers to integrate optically based manipulation and measurement techniques into their touchscreen experimental systems, focusing on optogenetic manipulation, fiber photometry and microendoscopic imaging.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects B cells, and has been linked to tumorigenesis and autoimmunity. Here the authors show, using in vitro culture and mouse models, that EBV infection alters B cell FAK signaling to induces aberrant proliferation, migration and diapedesis, thereby serving potential mechanism for EBV-induced, B cell-related pathology.

Leukocyte migration over two-dimensional surfaces is dependent on the integrin family of adhesion receptors, which couple the contractile force of the actomyosin cytoskeleton to the extracellular environment. In this study, all integrin heterodimers from mouse leukocytes were ablated and it is shown that integrins are not required for migration in 3D environments, in vitro and in vivo. Such non-adhesive migration renders leukocytes autonomous from the tissue environment.

Super-resolution pMINFLUX microscopy is combined with FRET and enables co-tracking of two fluorophores without photoswitching.

The vibrissa follicle is a blood-filled encapsulated mechano-transducer, the structure of which has been difficult to resolve. Here, Gerhardt et al. reveal 3D follicle-afferents architecture and accessorial structures by synchrotron X-ray tomography.

TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a transcription factor (TF) IIB-like factor are important constituents of all eukaryotic initiation complexes. Here, the authors use a DNA origami-based force clamp to investigate the assembly dynamics of human initiation complexes in the RNAP II and RNAP III systems at the single-molecule level under pico newton forces.

Flagellated oomycetes frequently infect unicellular algae, thus limiting their proliferation. Here, the authors show that an oomycete rewires the metabolome of a marine bloom-forming diatom, thereby promoting infection success.

Antigen-bearing dendritic cells transit through the lymphatics via chemokine receptor CCR7–dependent chemotactic cues. Rot and colleagues show that the atypical chemokine receptor CCRL1 establishes chemokine polarity in the subscapsular sinus that enables entry into the lymph node.

HecRE is identified as a molecular switch regulating cyclic di-GMP levels and promoting binary cell states during Pseudomonas aeruginosa surface colonization and biofilm development.

Four decades after a test mining experiment that removed nodules, the biological impacts in many groups of organisms persist, although populations of several organisms have begun to re-establish despite persistent physical changes at the seafloor.

Pathogenic bacteria can aggregate to form biofilms and develop tolerance to antibiotics. Here, the authors use a proteomics approach to study the development of tolerance to the antibiotic colistin in Pseudomonas aeruginosabiofilms, and show that co-treatment with a second compound kills the tolerant cells.

Here the authors show that loss of TANGO2, a gene linked to an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by developmental delay, rhabdomyolysis, cardiac arrhythmias and metabolic disturbances, disrupts mitochondrial and cytoskeletal structure by impairing its interaction with CRYAB, leading to desmin aggregation and desminopathy, causing cardiomyopathy, muscle weakness, and metabolic dysfunction in mice and human cells.

When particle-laden drops evaporate, coffee ring patterns form which can affect particle deposition. Here Davidsonet al. show that unlike previously investigated drops, the flows in drying drops of liquid crystals are driven by an increase in surface tension due to liquid crystal concentration.

Wastewater surveillance can be used to track infectious diseases. A six-plex digital PCR assay is shown to provide information on four respiratory diseases at the same time, with data that have a high level of agreement with reported case numbers.

Here the authors provide an explanation for 95% of examined predicted loss of function variants found in disease-associated haploinsufficient genes in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), underscoring the power of the presented analysis to minimize false assignments of disease risk.

A narrow range of pressures at mid-crustal depth represents a tipping point between silica-undersaturated and silica-oversaturated compositions crystallizing from mafic melts in alkaline–silicate igneous systems, according to a thermodynamic modelling study.

In East Africa the emergence of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) Globodera rostochiensis threatens potato production. Wrapping seed potatoes with a lignocellulose banana-paper matrix reduces the impact of PCN and leads to improved yields, suggesting a sustainable solution to crop root pests.

The ability of TiO₂ photocatalysts to absorb solar light has so far been limited to the UV because of their large bandgap. Now, a surface phase of TiO₂ that possess a narrower bandgap closely matching the visible light energy has been synthesized at the surface of pure rutile TiO₂(011) faces.

Neutrophils can release S100A8/S100A9 as an alarmin via gasdermin D pores. Here, the authors untangle the regulatory mechanisms driving this pathway and show that active repair processes make these pores transient, which can prevent the usual lytic cell death.

Lymphostatin is a large protein required for Escherichia coli virulence. Here, Griessmann et al. use electron cryo-microscopy to describe the structure of lymphostatin determined at different pH values, showing three conformations, six distinct domains, and long inter-domain linkers that occlude the catalytic sites of the N-terminal glycosyltransferase and protease domains.

Features of major depressive disorder including lack of motivation, sleep disruption and cognitive deficit have been modelled in rodents. Here, the authors develop a new method to elicit a depression-like state inDrosophila, and uncover separable roles for different serotonin receptors in depression-like behaviour.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Stress on land is dynamic, entailing swift and drastic changes. Integrated time-course stress and co-expression analysis predict a gene regulatory network that retraces a web of ancient signal convergences shared by land plants and their algal sisters.

Rumen methanogenic archaea are major sources of methane emissions and potential targets for methane mitigation strategies. Poulsen et al.now show that dietary rapeseed oil (RSO) supplementation can reduce the abundance of methanogenic Thermoplasmata archaea inhabiting the bovine rumen.

Most of Earth's crust is created at mid-ocean ridges that are submerged deep beneath the oceans. Analyses of geodetic and seismic data from rare sections of ridges that are exposed on land in Iceland and the Afar region in east Africa demonstrate that rifting episodes at these sites operate with remarkably similar mechanisms.

Guided by miRNA, Argonaute proteins silence mRNA in multiple ways that are not well understood. Here, the authors develop live-cell biosensors to image the impact tethered regulatory factors, such as Argonaute, have on single-mRNA translation dynamics.

Around 31,000 years ago, a young individual from Borneo had part of their left lower leg surgically amputated, probably as a child, and lived for another 6–9 years after amputation.

Asymmetric signaling and organization in the stem cell niche determine cell fates. Here the authors show that polarized contact-dependent signaling through specialized cytonemes forms the basis of niche-specific asymmetric signaling and stem cell organization.

There are distinct hypermethylation patterns in gene promoters in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Here, the authors show that the enhancer of C/EBPβ is recurrently hypomethylated in human HCCs, recapitulating this in a transgenic murine model and linking aberrant enhancer hypomethylation to hepatocarcinogenesis.

lncRNAs are transcriptional regulators, but little is known of them functioning as negative feedback regulators of inflammation in humans. Here, the authors show that the human lncRNA LUCAT1 sequesters STAT1 to limit JAK/STAT signaling and the inflammatory response to viral infection or TLR stimulation in myeloid cells.

Bacteria can grow as free living planktonic cells or as part of surface-associated biofilms. Here the authors show, for the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, that cells recently dispersed from biofilms are physiologically different from, and more virulent than, planktonic and biofilm cells.

Due to increasing disturbance of peatlands, Southeast Asian rivers are thought to play a major role in the transfer of CO₂to the atmosphere. Here, the authors present data collected from six Indonesian and Malaysian rivers and show that the region is not an outgassing hotspot as previously assumed.

The expansion of clones with distinct SERPINA1 somatic mutants in the livers of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AT) patients is consistent with convergent evolution. These variants interfere with the auto-polymerization and intra-ER accumulation of the Z-A1AT protein, thus highlighting potentially targetable domains.

Nanobodies are normally made from immunized camelids, Ig transgenic mice or synthetic libraries. In this study, the authors introduce the llama Ig heavy chain locus into mice lacking this locus, thereby generating a line in which nanobodies can be made by direct immunization in the absence of an endogenous antibody repertoire.