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The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

This study assessed COVID-19 social science preprints’ replicability using structured groups. Both beginners and more-experienced participants used a elicitation protocol to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of research claims under high uncertainty.

This Consensus Statement presents the standards for technical reporting in environmental and host-associated microbiome studies (STREAMS) guidelines.

Pérez-González et al. explore the mechanical properties of intestinal organoids, and report the existence of distinct mechanical domains and that cells are pulled out of the central crypt along a gradient of increasing tension.

US drug companies are preparing for new draconian provisions for reporting on financial relationships with academia. Will efforts to increase transparency prove burdensome to researchers and the industry? Virginia Hughes investigates.

Wood density is an important plant trait. Data from 1.1 million forest inventory plots and 10,703 tree species show a latitudinal gradient in wood density, with temperature and soil moisture explaining variation at the global scale and disturbance also having a role at the local level.

Inbreeding depression has been observed in many different species, but in humans a systematic analysis has been difficult so far. Here, analysing more than 1.3 million individuals, the authors show that a genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) is associated with disadvantageous outcomes in 32 out of 100 traits tested.

The Human Microbiome Project Consortium has established a population-scale framework to study a variety of microbial communities that exist throughout the human body, enabling the generation of a range of quality-controlled data as well as community resources.

Gut microbiota composition is altered in patients with alcohol use disorder, and fecal microbiota transplant reduced alcohol craving in patients with alcohol use disorder and liver cirrhosis in a phase 1 clinical trial. Here the authors used stool samples collected in the trial to report that this phenotype is transmissible via microbial transfer to germ free mice, as assessed by reduced ethanol acceptance, intake and preference.

Here, Rathnasinghe et al. characterize the pathogenesis of a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 in infected obese and aged mice, and identify mutations that are present in SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, associated with higher transmissibility.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

The integration of 1,024 independent silicon quantum dot devices with on-chip digital and analogue electronics, all of which operate below 1 K, allows characteristic data across the quantum dot array to be acquired and analysed in under 10 min.

This protocol provides instructions for the fabrication, assembly and operation of a microfluidic device used for chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing to profile histone modifications in low-input samples.

Sarcoma is a highly heterogeneous disease, which can be caused by a large variety of mutations. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics to characterise a cohort of 1,340 sarcoma tissue specimens to identify key somatic mutations and identify immune subtypes.

Penetrance of variants in monogenic disease and clinical utility of common polygenic variation has not been well explored on a large-scale. Here, the authors use exome sequencing data from 77,184 individuals to generate penetrance estimates and assess the utility of polygenic variation in risk prediction of monogenic variants.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia often reduces hallucinations and delusions, but cognitive deficits that impair performance of everyday activities may persist or worsen. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which increased NF-κB activity leads to increased HDAC2 levels, impairing synaptic plasticity and memory during prolonged antipsychotic treatment.

GIANT, a genetically informed brain atlas, integrates genetic heritability with neuroanatomy. It shows strong neuroanatomical validity and surpasses traditional atlases in discovery power for brain imaging genomics.

Contrary to the view that urbanization is a major driver of the global rise in obesity, the global increase in body-mass index is shown to be mostly due to increases in the body-mass indexes of rural populations.

Exome-sequencing analyses of a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and control individuals without diabetes from five ancestries are used to identify gene-level associations of rare variants that are associated with type 2 diabetes.

As phase 1 of the Earth Microbiome Project, analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences from more than 27,000 environmental samples delivers a global picture of the basic structure and drivers of microbial distribution.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

This Registered Report presents the results of the Long-read RNA-Seq Genome Annotation Assessment Project, which is a community effort for benchmarking long-read methods for transcriptome analyses, including transcript isoform detection, quantification and de novo transcript detection.

Use of a longitudinal study design allows for more precise analysis of the interplay between clonal hematopoiesis and atherosclerotic disease, finding that whereas clonal hematopoiesis confers an increased risk of atherosclerosis, the reverse is not the case, arguing for a unidirectional effect of clonal hematopoiesis on atherosclerosis.

The Human Microbiome Project Consortium reports the first results of their analysis of microbial communities from distinct, clinically relevant body habitats in a human cohort; the insights into the microbial communities of a healthy population lay foundations for future exploration of the epidemiology, ecology and translational applications of the human microbiome.

Marin-Llaurado and colleagues engineer curved epithelial monolayers of controlled geometry and develop a new technique to map their state of stress. They show that pronounced stress anisotropies influence cell alignment.

Perivascular and leptomeningeal macrophages, collectively termed here parenchymal border macrophages, are shown to regulate flow dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid, implicating this cell population as new therapeutic targets in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

Using nanobodies labeled with FRET fluorophores, the authors show the presence and activation of GPCR mGlu2 and mGlu4 dimers in mouse brain samples and reveal that mGlu2–mGlu4 is the major form of mGlu4-containing dimers outside the cerebellum.

A survey of sharks and rays on coral reefs within 66 marine protected areas across 36 countries showcases that the conservation benefits of full MPA protection to sharks almost double when accompanied by effective fisheries management.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

An integrated analysis of de novo and inherited coding variants in 42,607 individuals with autism spectrum disorder identifies 60 risk genes of which five have not previously been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.

This study shows that a multitrophic community model jointly recapitulates diel rhythms in abundances of Prochlorococcus picocyanobacteria, as well as viral infection, viral abundances and grazer abundances. Model-data integration implies that grazing predominantly controls Prochlorococcus abundances in surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, despite high viral densities.

There are currently no validated methods for the diagnosis of prion disease at the preclinical stage. Here the authors show that serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification and real-time quaking-induced conversion can be used to detect prions in the skin of prion-inoculated hamsters and humanized transgenic mice at early preclinical stages.

The authors present a multiomics study of type 2 diabetes and quantitative blood lipid and lipoprotein traits in Hispanic/Latino populations. They demonstrate how integrating GWAS with omics characterization can advance precision medicine.

Holes in endothelial barriers, called transendothelial cell macroapertures (TEMs), are predicted to be limited by line tension of unknown origin. Here the authors identify an actomyosin cable encircling TEMs and establish a role for ezrin in stabilising F-actin bundles, allowing their crosslinking by non-muscle myosin IIa.

Latin Americans trace their ancestry to the admixture of Native Americans, Europeans and Sub-Saharan Africans. Here, the authors develop a novel haplotype-based approach and analyse over 6,500 Latin Americans to infer the geographically-detailed genetic structure of this population.

Fishing has had a profound impact on global reef shark populations, and the absence or presence of sharks is strongly correlated with national socio-economic conditions and reef governance.

Schahram Akbarian and colleagues report that mutation of the gene encoding the SETDB1 (KMT1E) histone methyltransferase in mouse neurons leads to dissolution of chromosome conformations and a topologically associated domain at the clustered protocadherin locus. They show that SETDB1 prevents excess CTCF binding and is important for maintaining developmentally important higher-order chromatin organization.

A strategy for inferring phase for rare variant pairs is applied to exome sequencing data for 125,748 individuals from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This resource will aid interpretation of rare co-occurring variants in the context of recessive disease.

A genomic constraint map for the human genome constructed using data from 76,156 human genomes from the Genome Aggregation Database shows that non-coding constrained regions are enriched for regulatory elements and variants associated with complex diseases and traits.

The LITMUS consortium provides a resource of rodent MASLD models benchmarked against metabolic, histologic and transcriptomic features that are relevant for human MASLD. The work is useful for selecting relevant rodent models for studying this common disease.

Although progress in the coverage of routine measles vaccination in children in low- and middle-income countries was made during 2000–2019, many countries remain far from the goal of 80% coverage in all districts by 2019.

New potential therapies for inflammatory bowel disease are needed as not all patients respond to or maintain a response to conventional therapies. Here the authors report that mannose supplementation ameliorates experimental colitis in male mice, potentially via effects on intestinal epithelium lysosomal integrity.

Lifestyle interventions are promising tools for achieving healthy aging. Here, authors show how environmental enrichment can reverse multi-omic alterations associated with the aging process in the murine dorsal hippocampus.