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WIN332 is an HIV-1 Env protein designed to elicit a new class of Asn332-glycan-independent antibodies (type II) to the V3-glycan site of Env. WIN332 immunization rapidly induces type-II V3-glycan antibodies with low inhibitory activity indicative of a neutralization activity in macaques.

Aadvanced computer simulations of three-dimensional turbulence reveal that the ab initio generation of large-scale magnetic fields is driven by shear-flow-induced jets; an analytical model is derived which reproduces the essential features of the flow- and field-generation mechanisms.

Laser-induced conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, which detects electrons emitted by ²²⁹Th nuclei in a thin ThO₂ sample excited by vacuum ultraviolet light, is demonstrated, opening the possibility of a conversion-electron-based nuclear clock.

Identifying jets originating from heavy quarks plays a fundamental role in hadronic collider experiments. In this work, the ATLAS Collaboration describes and tests a transformer-based neural network architecture for jet flavour tagging based on low-level input and physics-inspired constraints.

Measurement of the 2S–6P transition in cryogenic atomic hydrogen using laser spectroscopy reveals a proton radius value that is 2.5-fold more precise than previous determinations and in excellent agreement with the muonic value, and tests the Standard Model to 0.7 parts per trillion.

This paper uses multiomics to profile a large cohort of meningioma samples to highlight the role of the tumor microenvironment in driving the epigenetic changes underpinning tumor classification and prediction of outcome.

Neoantigen-based adoptive T cell therapies represent a personalized approach for cancer immunotherapy. Here the authors describe NEO-STIM, an ex vivo T cell induction platform to STIMulate peripheral blood T cells to generate responses against tumor NEOantigens.

Prime editing guide RNA design is more complex than for standard CRISPR-based nucleases or base editors. Here the authors present PrimeDesign and PrimeVar for the rapid and simplified design of pegRNA and ngRNA combinations.

This study shows how the bacterial retron Eco2 defends against viruses. Phage nucleases trigger activation of Eco2, which cuts RNAs, shuts down protein production and stops phage replication.

Precise and efficient CRISPR genome editing requires specialized delivery systems. Here, the authors develop Coomassie lipidoids that deliver purified adenine base editors into retinal tissues, making it possible to achieve robust genome editing with a defined, non-viral nanomedicine.

The safety and efficacy of ribonucleoproteins for genome editing can be enhanced by formulations of lipid nanoparticles optimized for enhanced stability, delivery efficiency and editing potency of the protein complexes.

JWST’s COSMOS-Web survey is used to create an ultra-high-detail dark matter map, revealing hidden filaments, clusters and distant structures. By tracing features out to z = 2, this map shows how dark and luminous matter build the cosmic web across cosmic time.

Projected impacts of climate change on malaria burden in Africa by 2050 highlight the urgent need for climate-resilient malaria control strategies and robust emergency response systems to safeguard progress towards malaria eradication.

The Hubbard model describes the physics of strongly correlated electron systems, but is difficult to solve. Now, a scheme to systematically and efficiently relate the exactly solvable Hatsugai–Kohmoto model to the Hubbard model has been identified.

The study introduces radio interferometric multiplexed spectroscopy (RIMS), a method designed to efficiently monitor the radio emissions of massive samples of stars. Applying it to LOFAR data, the authors identify stellar bursts, offering clues to possible star–planet magnetic interactions.

KRAS mutations are keenly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and represent a potential therapeutic target. Here the authors present the findings from a phase I clinical trial testing pooled KRAS mutant peptides in combination with immune checkpoint blockade in patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

An empirical correlation between the fragility of glass forming liquids and the broadness of their relaxation spectrum is believed to be universal. Van Lange et al. report an inverted correlation in a class of polymeric materials, implying a special role of long-ranged ionic interactions in vitrification.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Mucosal administration of a multivalent, adjuvanted vaccine against Clostridioides difficile promoted bacterial clearance and protected against morbidity, mortality, tissue damage and recurrence in mice.

Immunopeptidomics identify CD4⁺ T cell epitopes from the conserved bacterial Hup protein that confer protection against multiple bacterial infections in mice suggesting potential for development of broader-spectrum vaccines against staphylococci and streptococci.

Prime editing enables search-and-replace genome editing but is limited by low editing efficiency. Here the authors present PepSEq, a high-throughput method for screening a large library of peptides that influence prime editing efficiency.

Delivery of prime editors in vivo is improved using virus-like particles.

Ranking items based on pairwise comparisons, such as using match outcomes to rank sports teams, is a common task that becomes challenging when data is limited or noisy. Here, the authors introduce an efficient nonparametric Bayesian method for learning partial rankings that breaks ties among item ranks only when supported by sufficient statistical evidence in the data.

Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 58 independent risk loci for major anxiety disorders among individuals of European ancestry and implicates GABAergic signaling as a potential mechanism underlying genetic risk for these disorders.

A library of 400 phage protein-coding genes is used to find a trove of antiphage systems, revealing systems that target tail fibre and major capsid proteins.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

cellSTAAR advances noncoding rare variant association analysis by integrating single-cell genomics data.

Prime editing uses Cas9 nickase fused to a reverse transcriptase to edit genetic information. Here, the authors prime edit primary adult stem cells in 3D organoid cultures to show functional correction of pathogenic mutations without genome-wide off-target effects.

The origin of the nematic state in the kagome metal CsTi₃Bi₅ remains unclear. Here, using polarization-dependent angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio based field theoretical methods, the authors propose a d-wave nematic order driven by electronic correlations via an orbital-selective mechanism.

Stabilizing pegRNAs with 3′ RNA structures increases prime editing efficiency.

Programmable self-assembly can help construct complex nanostructures. Now a mathematical framework can identify if and how a particular structure can be assembled.

Oceans provide essential ecosystem services to human society, yet the climate impacts on blue capital have long been ignored. Incorporating the latest works on ocean science and economics, researchers show that accounting for the potential damage would almost double the social cost of carbon estimation.

By solving the cryogenic electron microscopy structures of bacterial calcium-activated potassium channels, Fan et al. report a pathway for blockers to enter the closed pore of the channels through membrane portals rather than through the canonical ion entryway, opening new avenues for drug-targeting this class of channels.

Electron tomography enables high-resolution 3D imaging but is limited by radiation sensitivity. Here, the authors demonstrate a phase retrieval method using multiple tilted HRTEM focal series, achieving 1.6 Å resolution with improved dose efficiency and elemental sensitivity.

The authors show that electronic thermal transport in an in-plane magnetic field in compressively strained HgTe at the Weyl points follows the Wiedemann–Franz law, challenging predictions of gravitational-anomaly signatures in this system.

Black carbon is a recalcitrant and unique form of organic carbon formed from incomplete combustion. Here the authors use global sampling to reduce uncertainty in the flux of terrestrial black carbon to the oceans, predicting that 34% of black carbon produced by fires has an oceanic fate.

This study shows that many small RNAs in Capsella rubella pollen originate from maternal tissues. These mobile small RNAs support proper pollen development, revealing that non-cell-autonomous small RNAs are crucial for successful plant reproduction.

Prime editing of large DNA sequences is achieved with two pegRNAs and site-specific recombinases.

High-temperature behaviour of thermopower is special in cuprates, allowing for theory-experiment comparisons. Wang et al. use quantum Monte Carlo to compute high temperature thermopower in the Hubbard model, demonstrating qualitative and quantitative agreement with experiments across multiple cuprate families.

Liquid crystal skyrmions are quasiparticle structures whose interactions at large separations can be understood in terms of elastic multipoles. Here, the authors derive these multipole interactions analytically and show how they drive the formation of chains and clusters under oscillating electric fields.

This study uses climate model experiments and shows that radiative heating from the presence of clouds can substantially increase the frequency of Euro-Atlantic atmospheric blocking, highlighting the need to better represent cloud-radiation interactions for improved prediction of extreme weather.

Quantum critical points ubiquitously emerge in strongly correlated systems. Here, the authors theoretically propose a finite-temperature quantum supercritical regime which could be realized in the Ising magnet CoNb₂O₆.

The ALICE Collaboration provides details on the microscopic mechanism that ends up creating antideuteron in high-energy proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

Hiʻiaka is the largest moon of the distant dwarf planet Haumea. Here, the authors report the first multi-chord stellar occultations of Hiʻiaka, revealing its size, shape, and density, suggesting an origin from Haumea’s icy mantle.

The authors implement model-based analyses to uncover strategies used by mice and humans during sensory decision-making. Contrary to common wisdom, mice do not lapse and, instead, switch between sustained engaged and disengaged states.

Neville, Ferguson et al. show that non-canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1.1-mediated gene silencing is antagonized by DOT1L and is required for the therapeutic efficacy of Menin and DOT1L inhibitors in mixed-lineage leukaemia.

The authors report upconversion in few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides, and attribute it to a resonant exciton-exciton annihilation involving a pair of dark excitons with opposite momenta, followed by the spontaneous emission of upconverted bright excitons.