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Fang et al. demonstrate that OsHSFA4d enhances thermotolerance by activating HSP101 and promoting CslF6 expression, which suppresses disease resistance. It is phosphorylated by OsCDPK24/28, increasing its DNA binding ability under heat stress. This trade-off mechanism of abiotic/biotic stress may broadly exist in plant kingdom.

The interplay among hybrid self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) during deposition has not been well studied. Here, authors mix co-adsorbents with carbazole-based SAM material to improve the buried interface, achieving efficiency of 20.67% for wide-bandgap solar cells and 28.94% for all-perovskite tandem devices.

The structural transformation of crystals triggered by external stimuli is a fascinating area in materials science and supramolecular chemistry, though it is challenging to maintain crystallinity during an organic reaction. Here the authors show an example of a triethylamine vapor-induced cyclization reaction in a cocrystal, leading to its conversion into polycrystals.

By characterizing the dynamics of epitranscriptomes and translatomes upon Magnaporthe oryzae infection, the authors uncover that ac4C enriched in the 3rd nt of codons improves translation of mRNA to enhance rice resistance against M. oryzae.

’Following up on the recent theoretical demonstration here the authors bring us a step closer to the real implementation of efficient ultrasonic chiral sources. They experimentally demonstrate the presence of elastic spin waves, Rayleigh and Lamb waves, generated by a chiral-meta source, characterizing their basic properties.

Magnaporthe oryzae effector MoSPAB1 enters rice nuclei to bind to the promoter of the immunity-brake gene Bsr-d1 and activates its expression by competing with rice MYBS1, which constitute a conserved module that facilitates fungal pathogenesis.

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a rare primary osteolytic bone tumor with high local recurrence rate after surgical resection. Here the authors conduct a phase Ib/II trial, evaluating the efficacy and safety of JMT103 (RANK-RANKL inhibitor) in patients with unresectable or surgically-challenging GCTB.

Because of its complex pathophysiology, the management of inflammatory bowel disease as well as its fibrotic complication has become a global challenge. Here, the authors show a probiotic inulin hydrogel loaded with polypyrrole (PPy) nanozymes and antifibrotic drug pirfenidone (PFD) (PPy/PFD@Inulin gel) designed for the concurrent amelioration of IBD and its fibrotic complication.

Here, the authors report a homonuclear cooper dual-atom electrocatalyst with high activity designed for synchronously boosting the sulfur and lithium evolutions.

The non-coding genome of T-ALL has not been extensively studied. Here, the authors conduct RNA-seq, ATAC-seq and Hi-C seq analyses and find that T-ALL associated neo-loops may regulate key transcription factors including HOXA13; the aberrant expression of which is associated with poor prognosis.

Antimony chalcogenides are emerging photovoltaic materials, yet difficulties in fabricating high-quality films limit device performance. We show that hydrothermal synthesis affords good morphology and reduced defects in antimony selenosulfide films, enabling solar cells with an efficiency of 10%.

A study shows that the three-dimensional conformation of the human genome influences the positioning of DNA replication initiation zones, highlighting cohesin-mediated loop anchors as essential determinants of their precise location.

Long term stability is a major barrier for the commercialization of halide perovskite solar cells. Here Wu et al. demonstrate that a chemically inert and structural impermeability bismuth electrode interlayer greatly increases the stability of unencapsulated perovskite solar cells under harsh conditions.

Here the authors find that farrerol directly binds to UCHL3 and activates its deubiquitinase activity, and that farrerol promotes development of SCNT embryos by enhancing HR repair and restoring epigenetic networks in a UCHL3-dependent manner.

The function of METTL3 and RNA methylation is important in various biological processes. Here the authors show that METTL3 is reduced in childhood asthma patients and that conditional knockout of Mettl3 in mouse myeloid cells enhances Th2 response and allergic asthma associated with changes in macrophage function.

Cardiovascular disease diagnosis can be invasive and complex. Here, the authors present a flexible optoacoustic blood ‘stethoscope’ that noninvasively and continuously monitors cardiovascular health.

Although the role of FGFs in cardiovascular disease has attracted extensive attention, the potential role of FGF18 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy remains unknown. Here, the authors show the cardioprotective effect of FGF18 is mediated by maintaining redox homeostasis through FYN/Nox4 signaling.

Owing to large exciton binding energy, quasi-2D perovskite is promising for light-emitting application, yet inhomogeneous phases distribution limits the potential. Here, the authors improve the performance by using MeS additive to regulate the phase distribution and to reduce defect density in the films.

The mechanistic involvement of sonic hedgehog signaling in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is not clear. Here, the authors show that sonic hedgehog protein regulates the stability of HSP90β, enabling hepatocytes to secrete exosomes containing miR-28-5-p to promote NASH development.

All-inorganic cesium lead bromide perovskite based light-emitting diodes show improved operational stability but the film quality limits their performance. Here Wang et al. use trifluoroacetate anions to passivate defects and achieve excellent device performance and stability.

The significance of protein nanoclustering in cell polarization is unclear. Here Pan et al. show that auxin-induced TMK1/sterol nanoclustering as well as microtubule-based positive feedback regulation of the TMK1/sterol nanoclusters is critical for cell polarity formation in Arabidopsis.

Incision of the Mekong River that occurred after the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau may have been driven by a period of high monsoon precipitation, as suggested by age data from river bedrock samples and stream profile modelling.

Understanding correlations between molecular structures and macroscopic properties is critical in realising highly efficient organic photovoltaics. Here, the authors conduct a comprehensive study based on four non-fullerene acceptors revealing how the extended conjugation, asymmetric terminals and alkyl chain length can affect device performance.

Reinforcement learning is a powerful technique to learn complex behaviours, but in the context of self-driving vehicles it might result in unsafe behaviour in previously unseen situations. Cao et al. create a confidence-aware method that improves through reinforcement learning but reverts to safe behaviour when a situation is new.

Atmospheric CO₂ can be transformed into valuable hydrocarbons by reaction with H₂, but CO is the favoured kinetic product. Here, Liu and co-workers show that plasmonic rhodium nanoparticles not only reduce the activation energy for CO₂hydrogenation, but also photo-selectively produce methane.

While photoelectrodes represent a promising solar-to-fuel conversion technology, material challenges limit performances. Here, authors improve the onset potential and charge separation of bismuth vanadate photoanode water splitting performances by work function tuning and heterojunction engineering.

A consortium reports the tripling of the number of genetic markers in Phase II of the International HapMap Project. This map of human genetic variation will continue to revolutionize discovery of susceptibility loci in common genetic diseases, and study of genes under selection in humans.

Using carbonized polymer dots, the interfacial properties between perovskites and the hole transporter can be optimized. The anion-dominated interface breeds a dense and homogeneous emitting layer, enabling 20.2% external quantum efficiency for 225 mm² large-area light-emitting device.

Sabeti et al. build on their This paper builds on previous work of detecting selection on human genes, using the many more markers available in the Phase II HapMap project. Three examples of apparent population-specific selection based on geographic area are described, and how these may relate to human biology is discussed.