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The upscaling of kesterite photovoltaics is challenging and results in low performance. Xiang et al. tune the thiourea/metal precursor ratio to improve the morphology of the kesterite film, achieving 10.1% certified power conversion efficiency in 10.48-cm² modules.

Tandem electro-biocatalytic systems present a versatile platform for producing a variety of synthetic products using CO₂ as a starting material. Here direct ocean carbon capture is incorporated into an electrolysis scheme to produce formic acid from CO₂ dissolved in seawater that is subsequently converted to succinate in a bioreactor.

A sustainable two-step strategy for oxime synthesis in a neutral KHCO₃ medium is reported. Free-state NH₂OH is initially synthesized via nitrite electroreduction over a Ketjen-black-supported iron phthalocyanine catalyst, followed by a chemical aldehyde or ketone oximation using the electrochemically synthesized NH₂OH.

A full-featured 2D NOR flash memory chip realized by an atomic device to chip technology combines a superior 2D electronic device as a memory core and a powerful CMOS platform to support complex instruction control.

Wound biomarker monitoring faces challenges in both sensitivity and stability. Here, authors present soft wireless bioelectronic device, using self-confined tetrahedral DNA circuits, that enhance detection limits, resists biofouling, and enables stable and real-time monitoring of diabetic wound healing.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Heat barriers pose significant challenges to hypersonic flight. Here, authors demonstrate a direct liquid cooling system using a structured thermal armor that elevates the Leidenfrost point, effectively managing temperatures up to 3000 °C.

Techniques for determining chiral purity are important, but can be challenging to achieve by eye. Here, the authors report the development of dyes with visual chiral recognition capabilities by changes in the coassembly process and therefore variable steric hindrance.

This work presents SCIGEN, a machine learning framework integrating geometric constraints into material generation. The framework enables the discovery of stable quantum material candidates, and the authors synthesize two predicted magnetic materials.

Using ¹⁹F nuclear magnetic resonance to study LiF–LiH solid solutions revealed that it is present in the solid–electrolyte interphase of lithium metal batteries and confirms the heterogeneous nature of LiF in such interphases.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

Stereoisomers can exhibit distinct chemical behaviors despite identical formulas. Here, the authors reveal how geometric isomers of electrolyte additives tailor solvation and interphasial chemistry, enhancing Zn-ion kinetics and long-term stability in aqueous zinc metal batteries.

Negative regulator of thermotolerance 1 (NAT1) is identified as a negative regulator of thermotolerance in rice through the NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module. Modifying NAT1 by targeted gene editing increases wax deposition and enhances thermotolerance in rice.

Immune checkpoint blockade is an effective therapy in melanoma, but response is highly variable between patients. Here, the authors show that Inducing co-stimulatory immune checkpoint CD137L expression in melanoma cells enhances T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.

A genome-wide CRISPR screen helps to identify the Epstein–Barr virus receptor desmocollin 2 for primary epithelial cell infection. Additional infection assays revealed that desmocollin 3 also aids infection.

Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells are a promising device design, yet their efficiency is limited by charge collection. Ma et al. use hexamethylene diisocyanate to eliminate unreacted organic cations at grain boundaries, enhancing hole collection.

Tetrandrine is one of the most potent inhibitors of Ebola Virus infection. Here the authors identify LIMP-2 as a direct cellular target of Tetrandrine and establish a functional connection between lysosomal sphingosine homeostasis and calcium regulation.

An in-built fluoropolyether-based quasi-solid-state polymer electrolyte enables high-capacity lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxide cathodes with stable interfaces, achieving 604 Wh kg⁻¹ pouch-cell energy density.

High-density multimodal soft bioelectronic fibres provide a platform for minimally invasive implantable electronics, where diverse sensing and stimulation functionalities can be effectively integrated.

PDGrapher uses large datasets of genetic and chemical interventions to find genetic targets that shift a gene expression phenotype from a diseased to a normal state.

Chen et al. report a lattice-matched molecule, tris(4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide, to anchor multi-site defects and stabilise the lattice of perovskite quantum dots, enabling deep-red LEDs with efficiency up to 26.91% at 693 nm. The air-processed devices can still maintain an efficiency of 26.28%.

The function and regulatory mechanism of mRNA acetylation modification in cancer progression remains largely unknown. Here the authors identify that targeting tumor N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA acetyltransferase NAT10 improves anti-tumor response via MYC/CDK2/DNMT1/dsRNA/type I IFN pathway, and show the synergic anti-tumor effect of NAT10 inhibition with aPD-1.

Integrated scanning probe techniques in combination with first-principles theory unveil the crystallization of electron polarons into quasi-one-dimensional polaron superlattices in individual polypentacene molecules.

This study maps chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution in rice and related grasses, revealing how regulatory DNA elements evolve across cell types and species and identifying potential silencers that control gene expression.

Asparagales is the largest monocot order. Here, the authors produce the phylogeny of Asparagales with transcriptomic data from 455 species and investigate the evolution of genes involved with allium flavor biosynthesis.

Capturing and valorizing H₂S from waste gas is key for sulfur recovery. Here, the authors report an electrochemical deep oxidation method that converts H₂S from polluted natural gas into value-added sulfate-containing products (K₂SO₄ or H₂SO₄) using in-situ generated H₂O₂ at cathode.

MedSegX is a vision foundation model for open-world medical image segmentation, and its accompanying dataset covers a large number of segmentation tasks across 39 organs and tissues.

Samarium Cobalt-based magnets are a vitally important industrial magnet, and significant effort has been devoted to trying to improve the performance and reduce the cost through the addition of Fe. Unfortunately, this comes at the expense of phase stability. Here, Wang et al show through careful choice of composition, a Samarium Cobalt permanent magnet with an ultrahigh coercivity of 6.71 MA/m.

Going from model development to a pilot implementation study, a deep learning model shows that acute aortic syndrome can be diagnosed directly from noncontrast CT, increasing accuracy and decreasing time to diagnosis.

A new type of Fe/N–C catalyst composed of numerous nanoprotrusions dispersed on two-dimensional carbon layers with inner-embedded single Fe-atom sites has been developed that delivers a high-performance platinum group metal-free proton-exchange membrane fuel cell.

Achieving a balance between molecular packing density, charge transport efficiency, and defect passivation remains a challenge for perovskite solar cells. Here, authors synthesize self-assembled molecules with flexible head groups and rigid linkers, achieving maximum device efficiency of over 26%.

Controlling molecular transport across immiscible liquid interfaces is vital for applications in biotechnology, manufacturing, and space research. Here, the authors show that unsteady temperature fields drive directional water transport across oil-water interfaces via Marangoni natural convection, enabling tunable, surfactant-free nanoemulsion formation.

Pumpkin rootstock delivers CmoKARI1 mRNA to cucumber scion under chilling stress, enhancing tolerance by activating JA-Ile signaling. This mobile mRNA acts as a key chilling-responsive signal, redefining the understanding of rootstock–scion communication.

Developing high-productive and energy-saving systems in formate electrosynthesis is attractive but challenging. Here, the authors report an efficient Rh-dispersed In₂O₃ catalyst for CO₂ reduction, benefiting the ampere-level formate coproduction when pairing with anodic aldehyde oxidative dehydrogenation.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

Profiling low-quantity EV-DNA is challenging. Here the authors present TEMPT, a bisulfite-free method for whole-genome methylation analysis from sub-nanogram EV-DNA, which classified gastric cancer and benign cases.

Molecular-dynamics-simulation-guided evolution of flavoenzymes produces efficient catalysts for non-C₂-symmetric biaryl synthesis with excellent atroposelectivity, offering promise for natural product synthesis and pharmaceutical applications.

Xiang et al. use patient samples and mouse models of osteoarthritis to examine the link with muscle atrophy. They identify that, in osteoarthritis, senescent macrophages promote ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells, and they show the therapeutic value of targeting this pathological mechanism.

Lancelot, a compute-efficient federated learning framework using homomorphic encryption to prevent information leakage, is presented, achieving 20 times faster processing speeds through advanced cryptographic and encrypted sorting techniques.

The positive electrode/electrolyte interface is crucial for the performance of all-solid-state lithium batteries. Here, authors use a sintering technique to form a conformal interface between high-entropy disordered rock salt electrodes and garnet-type electrolytes to reduce interfacial resistance.

This study reports the synthesis of Ru₁Co single atom alloys with tunable crystal phases, revealing that the hexagonal-close-packed phase outperforms others in the nitrate reduction to ammonia due to shorter Ru-Co distances and stronger interatomic interactions, which improve NO₃⁻ adsorption.

Aqueous electroconversion of biomass derivatives to polymer precursors has been demonstrated at the laboratory scale with low yield. Here a solid polymer electrolyte reactor is engineered to limit side reactions, yielding a high rate and and a high product concentration in a 4.3-kW pilot-scale platform.

In the pre-synapse, vesicle fusion is a key process for neurotransmitter release in the nervous system. Here authors demonstrate under pathological condition, synaptotagmin1 with Zn²⁺ adopts an alternative mode to regulate spontaneous neurotransmitter release.

Using an electrolyte micro-emulsion strategy, a lithium anode and high-voltage cathode can be simultaneously stabilized by liquid–liquid interfacial tension to achieve high-energy-density lithium-metal batteries.

Sixteen-element integrated microwave transmitters that are fabricated on four-inch monolayer molybdenum disulfide wafers offer a low power consumption of 3.2 μW.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.