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(Hetero)aryl sulfoximines are useful bioisosteres of (hetero)aryl sulfones in medicinal chemistry as they have improved aqueous solubility and metabolic stability. Here, the authors report a synthesis of (hetero)aryl sulfoximines via copper-catalysed coupling of (hetero)aryl iodides and sulfenamides.

Common aromatic rings, such as anilines, arylboronic acids and aryl halides, can be opened up and converted to alkenyl nitriles through carbon–carbon bond cleavage using a copper catalyst.

C=O cleavage of formamides and full transfer of the resulting fragments into final products are highly appealing, particularly in multi-component reactions for the synthesis of structurally complex molecules. Now three-component reactions of diazo compounds with allylic substrates and formamides are presented, giving extensively reorganized products via multi-step relay.

C-C bond scission of unstrained cycloketones with high regioselectivity is a challenging synthetic task. Here, the authors show a facile C-C cleavage of cyclohexanones and cyclopentanones with unusual selectivity under mild conditions with the aid of an in situ formed side-chain aryl radical.

The quantum-delayed choice experiment is implemented with multiple entangled photons under Einstein’s locality condition. The wave–particle quantum superposition is realized by controlling the relative phase between the wave and particle states.

A method for the site-selective C–H borylation of arenes and heteroarenes is described, in which BBr₃ acts as both a reagent and a catalyst.

Tetrasubstituted olefins have been explored as chemical synthons and can sometime have useful photophysical properties, but are sometimes difficult to synthesize with high selectivity in mild conditions. Here the authors present a method to make tetrasubstituted olefins via dual photo- and nickel catalysis, without the need for an inert atmosphere.

The molecular mechanism underlying how lithocholic acid recapitulates the lifespan and healthspan benefits of calorie restriction is revealed to involve TULP3, sirtuins, v-ATPase and AMPK.

Bafilomycin A1, a member of macrolide antibiotics and an autophagy inhibitor, serves as a specific and potent V-ATPases inhibitor. Here authors report the cryo-EM structure of bafilomycin A1-bound V-ATPase with six bafilomycin A1 molecules bound to the c-ring and reveal the molecular basis for Bafilomycin A1 inhibition of the V-ATPase.

The vacuolar-type H⁺ -ATPases (V-ATPase) hydrolyze ATP to pump protons across the plasma or intracellular membrane. Here authors report two cryo-EM structures of the intact V-ATPase from bovine brain with all the subunits including the subunit H, which is essential for ATPase activity.

Aberrant expression of Synaptonemal complex protein 2 (SYCP2) in breast and ovarian cancers is associated with resistance to drugs targeting the DNA damage response. Here the authors show that SYCP2 confers drug resistance by promoting R-loop formation during transcription-coupled homologous recombination.

Usually, observation of quantum interference in a non-local scenario (that is, when Alice’s measurement settings and Bob’s outcomes are space-like separated) relies on entanglement. Here, the authors experimentally show four-photon frustrated interference originating from the sources’ indistinguishability, without the need for entanglement.

The synthesis of constrained 12-membered peptide rings is challenging due to constraints during the linear peptide cyclization. Here the authors present a β-thiolactone framework that enables the synthesis of cyclo-tetrapeptides via direct aminolysis while preventing commonly observed C-terminus epimerization.

Anionic redox reactions are gaining interest as a means to optimize capacities of alkaline ion batteries. Here, the authors investigate various charge compensation mechanisms and report S–S dimerization and the formation of electron holes on sulfur in a model sulfide cathode.

Predicting drug responses in cancer patients requires robust computational frameworks. Here, the authors develop an integral genomic signature —iGenSig— approach to predict drug responses using multi-omics data from tumour samples, and validate this approach using genomic datasets from multiple clinical studies.

The benchmark for a global quantum internet — quantum teleportation of independent qubits using active feed-forward over a free-space link whose attenuation corresponds to the path between a satellite and a ground station — has now been successfully achieved over a distance of 143 km, between the Canary Islands of La Palma and Tenerife.

Structural basis of V-ATPase regulation by endogenous proteins is unclear. Here, the authors find mEAK7 as an endogenous V-ATPase modulator and determine its structure with V-ATPase, suggesting the potential role of mEAK7 in V-ATPase regulation.

Luminal B oestrogen receptor positive breast cancers are generally aggressive tumors with poor outcomes. Here, the authors show that the kinase TLK2 is amplified and overexpressed in these tumors and correlates with reduced survival, TLK2 inhibition induces apoptosis in vitroand improves survival in mice.

Recurrent gene fusions have been shown to have an important role in the development of solid tumours. Here, the authors identify a recurrent rearrangement between the oestrogen receptor gene, ESR1, and its neighbour, CCDC170, in a subset of ER+ breast cancers, and show that this fusion is preferentially found in luminal B tumours.

Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier1 (MPC1) is a key factor that controls pyruvate transportation in mitochondria. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with higher MPC1 expression in tumors exhibit longer overall survival rate than those with lower MPC1. This study shows that MPC1 is a novel prognostic biomarker to predict patient.

With a flood of cancer genome sequences expected soon, distinguishing 'driver' from 'passenger' mutations will be an important task. Wang et al. describe a bioinformatic method for identifying cancer-associated fusions and apply it to discover a recurrent rearrangement in lung cancer.

The X-ray structure of human ABCG5/ABCG8 heterodimer in a nucleotide-free state, being the first atomic model of an ABC sterol transporter.