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The detailed structure of the native dystrophin–glycoprotein complex provides mechanistic insights into mutations underlying muscular dystrophy.

Female mosquitoes inject saliva into vertebrate hosts during blood feeding, transmitting mosquito-borne pathogens. Here, cryo-EM of mosquito salivary gland extract uncovers the native SGS1 structure and domains relevant to pathogen transmission.

Amorphous films with tunable thermal conductivity are needed for semiconductor/aerospace fields. Amorphous Al(Ti)N nanoparticles have negligible effect on thermal conductivity of Si₃N₄ 2 W m⁻¹K⁻¹, while incorporating crystal TiN phases increases to 15 W m⁻¹K⁻¹.

Zhang et al. design a nanostructure which activates an adaptive martensitic transformation mechanism in a nuclear grade austenitic stainless steel, achieving extraordinary radiation resistance with non-degraded mechanical properties.

Van der Waals materials of the MB₂T₄ family (M = transition metal or rare-earth metal, B = Bi or Sb, T = Te, Se, or S) have attracted interest for their magnetic and topological properties, but their direct synthesis into 2D form remains challenging. Here the authors report a flux-assisted, phase-controlled growth strategy to directly grow six magnetic 2D MB₂T₄ crystals.

To turn on and obtain emission from lanthanide-doped insulating nanoparticles, an electrical excitation pathway coupling them to organic optical molecules to form nanohybrids is described, enabling tunable electroluminescence properties of LEDs fabricated from such materials.

Structural lubricity—referring to ultralow levels of friction between atomically flat, incommensurate surfaces—has previously been observed under ultrahigh vacuum. Here, the authors report structural lubricity at gold-graphite interfaces under ambient conditions and on mesoscopic scales.

Pyramidal neuron-driven mechanisms actively promote the survival and terminal differentiation of their associated interneuron subtypes.

Samples returned from asteroid Bennu largely comprise hydrated sheet silicates with sulfides, magnetite and carbonate that indicate alteration by a fluid that evolved from neutral to alkaline, according to a micro- and nanoscale mineralogical study.

The sustainable use of organic aerogels is limited by their non-recyclability owing to the covalently-crosslinked networks that constitute their structures. Here, the authors report on the dynamic chemistry of hexahydrotriazine units to develop recyclable aerogels.

Ion-channel conductance levels are controlled by the bending patterns of pore-forming transmembrane helices in the heterotetrameric neuronal channel GluN1a-2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.

Material from the Hokioi crater on asteroid Bennu experienced space weathering and suggests microcratering plays a more active role on carbonaceous bodies than initially thought, according to a study of OSIRIS-REx asteroid return samples.

Organic materials potentially offer a low-cost, flexible and environment-friendly route to spintronics. Here, the authors demonstrate an organic spin-valve device in which an electric field can control both the magnitude and the sign of magnetoresistance.

Samples from the asteroid (101955) Bennu, returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission, include sodium-bearing phosphates and sodium-rich carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides formed during evaporation of a late-stage brine.

Platinum-group metals widely used in thermal catalysis frequently face deactivation issues. Here, the authors develop an industrial-scale monolithic Pt single-atom catalyst featuring a dynamically low-coordinated, ordered macroporous structure designed to overcome challenges such as Pt sintering, overoxidation, and loss under high-temperature oxidation conditions.

Transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes possess symmetry-breaking properties promising for fundamental physics research. Here, the authors report a direct synthesis of crystalline MoS₂ nanotubes exhibiting strong polarization and bulk photovoltaic effects.

Zhou and Si et al. used cryogenic electron microscopy and tomography to delineate the molecular interactions among genomic RNA, nucleocapsid protein, matrix protein and glycoprotein in vesicular stomatitis virus and suggest a model of assembly.

Nickelate superconductors attract enormous attention in the field of high-temperature superconductivity. Here the authors report observation of perfect diamagnetism and interfacial effect on the electronic structures in infinite layer Nd_0.8Sr_0.2NiO₂ superconductors.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Cellular cryoET reveals how an amyloid-like protein of the prototypical archaeon, Methanospirillum hungatei, oligomerizes into a ring containing a giant 2700-strand β sheet, and how rings stack into hoops and into the cylindrical sheath of the cell.

This work proposes a wet-chemical etching assisted aberration-enhanced single-pulsed femtosecond laser nanolithography, named “WEALTH”, for manufacturing small-size, large-area, deep holey nanostructures, promising for emerging nanophotonic devices.

Quantifying chemical short-range order (CSRO) remains a formidable for volume-averaged or 2D microscopy methods. Here the authors introduce a machine-learning approach that breaks the resolution limitations of atom probe tomography to reveal the 3D atomistic architecture of CSRO in Fe-based alloys.

Disorder has emerged as a promising tool to manipulate properties of superconducting circuits. Here the authors demonstrate the use of disordered spinodal superconductor for fluxonium qubit fabrication and reveal an interesting correlation between the material disorder and the 1/f-type flux noise.

Faults weaken during earthquakes. Laboratory simulations of earthquake rupture show that the nanometric-scale fault gouge created during slip is inherently weak and flows by grain-boundary sliding, providing a mechanism to weaken faults.

A cryoEM structure of the archaeal flagella, the archaellum, shows distinct features from related bacterial structures.

Direct observation of the dynamic evolution of polar domain structures at atomic level remains challenging. Here, the authors report the observation of real-time topological transformations of polar structures in PbTiO₃/SrTiO₃ multilayers.

Modules of foldable crystalline silicon solar cells retain their power-conversion efficiency after being subjected to bending stress or exposure to air-flow simulations of a violent storm.

New cryo electron microscopy structures of bluetongue virus (BTV) under low- and high-pH conditions reveal pH sensors that mediate host-membrane fusion and penetration by a nonenveloped virus.

Cryo-electron microscopy analysis of the purified Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins (PTEX) reveals two distinct resolved states, suggesting a mechanism by which Plasmodium falciparum exports malarial effector proteins into erythrocytes.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of three varicella-zoster virus (VZV) capsids show VZV-specific features of the capsid-associated tegument complex (CATC) and genome packaging. The authors conclude that the VZV capsid is less stable and the CATC binds more weakly than in the homologues in other herpesviruses, characteristics that are linked to the small genome size of VZV.

An approach combining cryo-electron microscopy and mass spectrometry analysis of protein complexes enriched directly from cells enables structure determination of unknown complexes at atomic resolution.

Broad and potent neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants can be efficiently identified via accurate deep-mutational-scanning-based prediction of viral evolution and delivered to mice using mRNA–lipid nanoparticles.

Monolayer amorphous carbon (a-C) has attracted attention due to its structural and electronic properties, but its synthesis has so far required the use of metal substrates. Here, the authors report the Te-assisted growth of large-scale 2D a-C patterns on various insulating substrates, confirming their insulating properties in quantum tunnelling devices.

Understanding magnetic materials at the nanoscale is important for the development of novel applications, but has been hampered by a lack of suitable experimental techniques. Here, the use of transmitted electrons permits the determination of atomic site-specific magnetic information.

Electroreduction of CO₂ into C2 hydrocarbons and liquid fuels is a promising but challenging energy conversion technology, with copper exhibiting fair selectivity for these products. Here, the authors report that N-doped graphene quantum dots can also catalyze the electrochemical reduction of CO₂into multi-carbon hydrocarbons and oxygenates.

Imaging deformation twins in three dimensions is difficult and they are usually viewed as two-dimensional ellipsoids. Here, the authors statistically analyze more than two hundred deformation twins in magnesium observed in three different views and show lateral twin expansion is faster than forward propagation.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

The synthesis of atom-thin amorphous films remains challenging as their thermodynamically favourable grains are neither two dimensional nor layered. Here a droplet-driven nanoribbon-to-film growth strategy is reported to achieve amorphous metal chalcogenides at the single-layer limit.

The long-awaited structure of a telomerase holoenzyme, from Tetrahymena, has been obtained by electron microscopy; affinity labelling of subunits and modelling with NMR and crystal structures of various components allowed the identification of the catalytic core and subunit interactions, and the functional role of the subunits in telomerase processivity was enabled by performing the first reconstitution of the holoenzyme in vitro.

The realization of high-performance flexible perovskite/crystalline-silicon tandem solar cells requires efficient photocarrier transport and mitigation of residual stress. Here, authors reveal the critical role of perovskite phase homogeneity, achieving flexible devices with efficiency of 29.88%.

Highly mobile electrons at the interface of two perovskite oxides are of considerable interest for electronic applications. In this work, the discovery of such an electron gas at the interface of a spinel and a perovskite oxide represents a new approach to look for oxide systems with enhanced properties.

Using RFdiffusion, a general method for targeting intrinsically disordered proteins and regions for protein design has been developed.

Here, the authors present cryoEM structures of Trichomonas vaginalis doublet microtubules, identifying 30 different proteins in the assembly including the α- and β-tubulin, 19 microtubule inner proteins and 9 microtubule outer proteins.

RNA polymerase V transcription in plants, which is needed DNA methylation and transcriptional silencing, requires components of the DDR complex. Here the authors show that all components of the DDR complex co-localize with Pol V and report the cryoEM structures of two complexes associated with Pol V recruitment.

The intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn) forms polymorphic fibrils. Here the authors provide molecular insights into aSyn fibril polymorphism and present the cryo-EM structures of the two predominant species, a rod and a twister both determined at 3.7 Å resolution.

The mechanisms involved in SLC4-mediated ion transport are still under debate. Here, the authors present a cryoEM structure of the Sodium-driven Chloride/Bicarbonate Exchanger NDCBE, which - together with computational modeling and mutagenesis - reveals molecular determinants of ion transport by SLC4.

The authors solved structures of nine native band 3-associated complexes from human red blood cell membrane by cryo-EM. Integration of structural and biochemical data supports a model of ankyrin complex assembly during erythropoiesis.

Although LaAlO₃ and SrTiO₃ are both insulators, when they are brought together at a (100) interface, a highly conducting two-dimensional electron gas forms between them. Annandi et al.show that this also happens at a (110) interface, counter to expectations that it should not.