Abstract
Data sources
Medline (and PubMed), Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and Sumsearch.
Study selection
Randomised and pseudo-randomised controlled trials (RCTs), longitudinal, cohort and case–control studies, and well-designed cross-sectional studies in English or Dutch were included if they reported on an association between periodontal disease and nutrient dietary intake or serum levels, included participants older than 50 years, with preference given to studies reporting separate outcomes for specific age groups. Year of publication was limited to between January 1990 and May 2007.
Data extraction and synthesis
The search was run and retrieved articles screened by the first two review authors. Potentially relevant studies were assessed for quality on the basis of: clearly defined study population, adequate randomisation (intervention study), selection bias assessment, adequate participant and observer blinding, adequate follow-up and evaluating confounding aspects, mainly diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption and smoking. Weighted mean differences and standard deviations of periodontal disease scores between control and intervention groups, odds ratios (ORs), relative risk and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from all individual publications.
Results
Eight articles were included in the review, all of which were cross-sectional studies and did not include any institutionalised elderly participants. Reported studies found that low serum folate levels (vitamin B9) gave an OR for periodontal disease of 0.74 (95% CI 0.59–0.93), decreased Vitamin C was associated with a small increased risk of periodontal disease (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05–1.33), 0.53 (95% CI 0.42–0.68), calcium levels appeared not to have any effect on periodontal disease, OR 1.11 (95% CI 0.71–1.71) and OR 1.13 (95% CI 0.86–1.48) in men and women respectively, vitamin D deficiency increased clinical attachment loss by 0.39 mm (95% CI 0.17–0.60) and 0.26 mm (95% CI 0.09–0.43) in men and women respectively.
Conclusions
The quality of the studies was too low to make reliable conclusions and therefore an association of vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D, calcium and magnesium deficiencies with periodontal disease in elderly people is not evident.
Similar content being viewed by others
Log in or create a free account to read this content
Gain free access to this article, as well as selected content from this journal and more on nature.com
or
References
Moynihan P . Nutrition & oral health: update on nutrition and periodontal disease. Quintessence Int 2008; 39: 326–330.
Amarasena N, Yoshihara A, Hirotomi T, Takano N, Miyazaki H . Association between serum calcium and periodontal disease progression in non-institutionalized elderly. Gerodontology 2008; 25: 245–250.
Garcia MN, Hildebolt CF, Miley DD, et al. One-year effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 2011; 82: 25–32.
Meisel P, Springmann C, Kocher T . Comment on “Association of some specific nutrient deficiencies with periodontal disease in elderly people: a systematic literature review”. Nutrition 2010; 26: 137; author reply 138.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Address for correspondence: G-J van der Putten, Zorgaccent Amersfoort Medical Services, Amersfoort, The Netherlands. E-mail: gjvdputten@hetnet.nl
van der Putten GJ, Vanobbergen J, De Visschere L, Schols J, de Baat C. Association of some specific nutrient deficiencies with periodontal disease in elderly people: a systematic literature review. Nutrition 2009; 25: 717–722.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yeung, C. Nutrients and periodontal disease. Evid Based Dent 13, 14–15 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400840
Published:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400840
