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Connexin 43–mediated bystander effect in two rat glioma cell models

Cancer Gene Therapy volume 9, pages 149–155 (2002)Cite this article

Abstract

In tumor models, the killing by ganciclovir of a fraction of tumor cells transfected with the thymidine kinase (TK) gene has been shown to induce complete regression of the tumor. The mechanism responsible for this bystander effect is thought to be the diffusion of toxic metabolites or apoptotic signals across gap junctions. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is the major component of astrocyte gap junctions. We investigated the susceptibility of two rat glioma cell lines (CNS1 and C6) to thymidine kinase/ganciclovir, before and after transfection with the Cx43 gene. We report a close correlation between the level of Cx43 expression, the extent of gap junctional communication and the amplitude of the bystander effect. Transfection of C6 cells (which display a weak bystander effect and low levels of connexin) with a Cx43 construct induced a strong bystander effect. Inhibition of gap junction activity by 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid abolished the metabolic interaction between TK+ and TK− cells. This metabolic interaction was also abolished if TK+ and TK− cells were separated by a semipermeable membrane. Surprisingly, the transfection of only one of these two interacting cell types with the Cx43 gene was sufficient to induce a bystander effect, although this effect was weaker than that observed if both TK+ and TK− cells expressed Cx43. Finally, Cx43 expression increased sensitivity to contact inhibition. Overall, our data provide evidence that the restoration of gap junctional communication may potentiate HSV/tk-based cancer treatment and suggest that this strategy may have wider application in cancer therapy.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, the Association pour la Recherche sur les tumeurs cérébrales, and the AP-HP/CANAM.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biologie des interactions neurones-glie, Unité INSERM U495, Université P et M Curie Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France

    Marc Sanson, Véronique Marcaud, Eric Robin & Bernard Zalc

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France

    Charles Valéry

  3. Department of Oncology, Hôpital Boucicaut, Paris, France

    Franck Sturtz

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  1. Marc Sanson
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  2. Véronique Marcaud
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Correspondence to Marc Sanson.

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Sanson, M., Marcaud, V., Robin, E. et al. Connexin 43–mediated bystander effect in two rat glioma cell models. Cancer Gene Ther 9, 149–155 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.cgt.7700411

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