Figure 1
Atomic-scale resolution annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) images of LiNi0.4Mn0.4Co0.18Ti0.02O2 (NMC) particles. (a) After electrolyte exposure and (b) after one cycle, with the blue arrow indicating the surface reconstruction layer (SRL). (c, d) FFT patterns showing the surface reconstruction layer (Fm-3m [110] zone axis) and the NMC layered structure (R-3m [100] zone axis), respectively from (b). (e) Image showing the variation of the SRL thickness on the orientation after one cycle. (f) Image showing loose atomic layers on an NMC particle after one cycle. In all the images, the blue lines indicate the boundaries between the NMC layered structure and SRL. In all the images, the scale bars are 2 nm. Reproduced with permission.15
