Key Points
-
One of the most challenging aspects of restorative dentistry is colour assessment and its reproduction.
-
An increasing number of computer-based instruments for shade selection have entered the market.
-
Manufacturers claim that these instruments remove the subjectivity associated with visual shade mapping and facilitate more consistent and accurate measurements.
-
This clinical investigation assessed the ability of three tooth colour measuring devices to repeat their own results under standardised clinical conditions.
-
Spectroshade Microâ„¢ was the most repeatable device tested.
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to undertake a clinical evaluation of the individual repeatability of three colour measuring devices.
Design Clinical study.
Setting Eastman Dental Hospital.
Methods Under standardised clinical conditions, one trained operator using three colour measuring devices (Vita Easyshade, X-Rite ShadeVision and Spectroshade Micro) recorded three shade measurements (cervical, body and incisal) for each of the upper maxillary anterior teeth in 20 participants. This sequence of measurements was repeated for each of the shade machines. The output recorded from each sequence included Vita classic shades and CIE Lab co-ordinates. Ethical approval was obtained from the joint University College London and University College London Hospitals.
Results Spectroshade Micro had good agreement Cohen Kappa score (0.80) for repeatability of Vita shades and also had 82.7% proportion of complete agreement for Vita shades. The proportion of complete agreement for Vita shades for the Easyshade and X-Rite ShadeVision machine were 50% and 59% respectively. For CIE Lab co-ordinates the Spectroshade Micro provided the narrowest range of 'Bland and Altman' agreement limits for all the co-ordinates recorded.
Conclusion The Spectroshade Micro machine provided the most repeatable measurements. Narrower limits of agreement indicate greater consistency compared to Easyshade and X-Rite ShadeVision.
Similar content being viewed by others
Log in or create a free account to read this content
Gain free access to this article, as well as selected content from this journal and more on nature.com
or
References
Seghi R R, Johnston W M, O'Brien W J . Spectrophotometric analysis of colour differences between porcelain systems. J Prosthet Dent 1986; 56: 35–40.
Berns R S, Bilmeyer F W Jr, Saltzman M . Bilmeyer and Saltzman's principles of colour technology. 3rd ed. pp 31–105. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2000.
Hunter R S . The measurement of appearance. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley, 1987.
O'Brien W J . A new, small-color-difference equation for dental shades. J Dent Res 1990; 69: 1762–1764.
Culpepper W D . A comparative study of shade matching procedures. J Prosthet Dent 1970; 24: 166–173.
Yamamoto M . Metal-ceramics. Principles and methods of Makoto Yamamoto. Chicago: Quintessence, 1985.
Sproull R C . Colour matching in dentistry. Part II: practical applications for the organization of colour. J Prosthet Dent 1973; 29: 556–566.
Sproull R C . Colour matching in dentistry. Part III: colour control. J Prosthet Dent 1973: 31: 146–154.
Kato T, Kuwata M, Tamura K, Yamamoto M . The current state of porcelain shades; a discussion. Quintessence Dent Technol 1984; 8: 559–571.
Ishikawa-Nagai S, Sato R R, Shiraishi A, Ishibashi K . Using a computer color-matching system in color reproduction of porcelain restorations. Part 3: a newly developed spectrophotometer designed for clinical application. Int J Prosthodont 1994; 7: 50–55.
Macentee M, Lakowski R . Instrumental colour measurement of vital and extracted human teeth. J Oral Rehabil 1981; 8: 203–208.
O'Brien W J, Johnston W M, Fanian F . Double layer colour effects in porcelain systems. J Dent Res 1985; 64: 940–943.
Van der Burgt T P, Bosch J J, Borsboom P C, Kortsmit W J . A comparison of new and conventional methods for quantification of tooth colour. J Prosthet Dent 1990; 63: 155–162.
Seghi R R . Effects of instrument-measuring geometry on colorimetric assessments of dental porcelains. J Dent Res 1990; 69: 1180–1183.
Okubo S R, Kanawati A, Richards M W, Childress S . Evaluation of visual and instrumental shade matching. J Prosthet Dent 1998; 80: 642–648.
Chu S J, Tarnow D P . Digital shade analysis and verification: a case report and discussion. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent 2001; 13: 129–136.
Chu S J . The science of color and shade selection in aesthetic dentistry. Dent Today 2002; 21(9): 86–89.
Paul S J, Peter A, Rodoni L, Pietrobon N . Conventional visual vs spectrophotometric shade taking for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns: a clinical comparison. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2004; 24: 222–231.
Dagg H, O'Connell B, Claffey N, Byrne D, Gorman C . The influence of some different factors on the accuracy of shade selection. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31: 900–904.
Jarad F D, Russell M D, Moss B W . The use of digital imaging for colour matching and communication in restorative dentistry. Br Dent J 2005; 199: 43–49.
Hugo B, Witzel T, Klaiber B . Comparison of in vivo and computer-aided tooth shade determination. Clin Oral Investig 2005; 9: 244–250.
Bland J M, Altman D G . Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 1986; 8: 307–310.
Chu S J, Devigus A, Mieleszko A . Fundamentals of color. Chicago: Quintessence, 2004.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Refereed paper
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khurana, R., Tredwin, C., Weisbloom, M. et al. A clinical evaluation of the individual repeatability of three commercially available colour measuring devices. Br Dent J 203, 675–680 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1038/bdj.2007.1108
Accepted:
Published:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/bdj.2007.1108
This article is cited by
-
In Vitro Evaluation of Microhardness, Surface Roughness, and Color Changes in Bleached Enamel after Biscover LV Application
Strength of Materials (2022)
-
The reproducibility of electronic color measurements of the marginal gingiva
Clinical Oral Investigations (2021)
-
In vivo study for tooth colour determination—visual versus digital
Clinical Oral Investigations (2017)
-
The repeatability of digital shade measurement—a clinical study
Clinical Oral Investigations (2013)


