Table 4 Cox proportional hazards model to find the association between mortality and time to treatment as a continuous variable (4 week delay as reference)

From: Time from first presentation in primary care to treatment of symptomatic colorectal cancer: effect on disease stage and survival

 

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

 

HR (99% CI)

HR (99% CI)

HR (99% CI)

HR (99% CI)

Provider delay (weeks)

4

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

20

0.81 (0.65 1.00)

0.92 (0.74 1.15)

0.94 (0.74 1.19)

0.99 (0.76 1.27)

40

1.01 (0.82 1.24)

1.12 (0.90 1.38)

1.10 (0.88 1.38)

1.17 (0.92 1.48)

60

1.05 (0.83 1.32)

1.20 (0.94 1.52)

1.17 (0.91 1.49)

1.21 (0.94 1.57)

Age

 

1.04 (1.03 1.05)

1.04 (1.03 1.05)

1.04 (1.03 1.04)

Gender

Male

 

1.27 (1.04 1.56)

1.26 (1.02 1.55)

1.28 (1.04 1.58)

Female

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

Smoking status

Non-smoker

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

Current smoker

 

1.25 (0.93 1.68)

1.27 (0.94 1.72)

1.25 (0.92 1.70)

Ex-smoker

 

1.17 (0.90 1.52)

1.15 (0.88 1.50)

1.18 (0.90 1.55)

Not known

 

1.20 (0.93 1.53)

1.18 (0.92 1.52)

1.20 (0.93 1.55)

Carstairs deprivation quintile

1 (least)

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

2

 

0.96 (0.72 1.26)

0.98 (0.74 1.30)

0.96 (0.72 1.27)

3

 

1.36 (1.03 1.79)

1.37 (1.04 1.82)

1.36 (1.03 1.81)

4

 

1.28 (0.95 1.74)

1.31 (0.96 1.78)

1.27 (0.93 1.73)

5 (most)

 

1.30 (0.85 1.98)

1.32 (0.86 2.01)

1.29 (0.84 1.97)

Place of presentation

GP surgery

 

1.00

1.00

1.00

GP home visit

 

1.19 (0.89 1.60)

1.20 (0.89 1.62)

1.22 (0.90 1.66)

GP out of hours visit

 

0.91 (0.55 1.50)

0.92 (0.55 1.53)

0.87 (0.52 1.46)

Others

 

1.18 (0.65 2.14)

1.18 (0.64 2.17)

1.25 (0.67 2.32)

Unknown

 

1.17 (0.68 1.99)

1.09 (0.61 1.94)

1.20 (0.67 2.16)

Charlson index

 

1.14 (1.09 1.18)

1.13 (1.08 1.18)

1.13 (1.08 1.18)

Grade

Grade I

  

1.00

1.00

Grade II

  

1.21 (0.76 1.93)

1.27 (0.79 2.02)

Grade III/IV

  

1.84 (1.11 3.02)

1.92 (1.16 3.18)

Ungradeable

  

1.58 (0.96 2.61)

1.64 (0.99 2.70)

Emergency admission

  

1.00 (0.78 1.29)

0.98 (0.76 1.28)

Symptoms and signs

Constipation

   

1.03 (0.77 1.37)

Rectal bleeding

   

0.84 (0.66 1.07)

Abdominal pain

   

1.17 (0.93 1.47)

Anorexia

   

1.69 (1.06 2.68)

Weight loss

   

1.29 (0.92 1.81)

Abdominal mass

   

1.56 (1.02 2.36)

  1. Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; GP=general practitioner; HR=hazard ratio.
  2. Model 1: unadjusted model for time to treatment with four knots (4 week considered as reference)
  3. Model 2: adjusted for place of presentation, patient age, patient gender, smoking status, Carstairs deprivation quintile and Charlson index
  4. Model 3: further adjusted for tumour grade and type of hospital admission
  5. Model 4: further adjusted for symptoms and signs of constipation, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss and abdominal mass.
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