Figure 3

PSY induces mitochondrial Ca²⁺ elevations. Representative traces of Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ (green lines) and potential (red lines) kinetics upon PSY 10 μM administration (t=0; black arrows) (n=3, >15 analyzed cells). Time-lapse images of the MTCD2CPV FRET signal and TMRM fluorescence of representative cells are reported below the traces. (a) Apoptotic Ca²⁺ dysregulation: PSY induces a first mitochondrial Ca²⁺ peak (t=5–8 min), and a second, more protracted, Ca²⁺ elevation before cell lysis (blue arrow). The mitochondrial potential shows a first hyperpolarization followed by progressive leak until cell lysis. (b) Necrotic Ca²⁺ dysregulation: only the first Ca²⁺ peak is detectable, followed by a progressive Ca²⁺ increase coupled with fast mitochondrial depolarization until cell lysis that, in this case, occurred at t=30 min