Figure 1 | Cell Death & Disease

Figure 1

From: Therapeutic advantage of pro-electrophilic drugs to activate the Nrf2/ARE pathway in Alzheimer’s disease models

Figure 1

Carnosic acid (CA) treatment ameliorates Aβ-induced dendritic spine loss in cultured rat neurons. (a) Images of rat cortical neurons transfected with pmax-GFP and then exposed to synthetic Aβ42 (250 nM oligomers) with or without CA (10 μM) for 4 days. After fixation, dendritic spines were visualized by GFP fluorescence. (b) Quantification of spine density per micrometer of dendritic length. Neurons exposed to oligomeric Aβ manifested significantly reduced dendritic spine density, and treatment with CA ameliorated this loss. Values are mean+S.E.M. (n>20 fields of dendritic spines for each condition; *P<0.05 by ANOVA compared with other conditions). Scale bar, 5 μm

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