Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

Advertisement

Heredity
  • View all journals
  • Search
  • Log in
  • Content Explore content
  • About the journal
  • Publish with us
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed
  1. nature
  2. heredity
  3. original article
  4. article
On the polymorphism of Cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L.
Download PDF
Download PDF
  • Original Article
  • Published: 01 August 1977

On the polymorphism of Cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L.

VII. The distribution of The Cyanogenic form in Western Europe

  • David A Jones1 

Heredity volume 39, pages 27–44 (1977)Cite this article

  • 1201 Accesses

  • 38 Citations

  • Metrics details

Summary

Samples of mature plants of Lotus corniculatus collected in natural habitats in western Europe show that the polymorphism for cyanogenesis in this species is not directly comparable with that in Trifolium repens. There is, however, a decline in the frequency of the cyanogenic form from the Netherlands to Scandinavia. It is argued that T. repens is not a satisfactory plant for studies of localised variation because of its widespread use in agriculture. Cyanogenic cultivated varieties of L. corniculatus are now regular contaminants of the grass seed sown on the edges of many new roads and consequently care must also be exercised when working with this species. Because L. corniculatus reproduces vegetatively the criteria used for sampling and estimating phenotype frequencies are discussed in detail. Some plants have the ability to change phenotype during the year and the problems this poses for population studies are explained.

Because there is no single explanation for the many examples of localised variation in the frequency of cyanogenic L. corniculatus it is argued that there is little purpose in continuing work whose principal objective is an overall hypothesis.

Similar content being viewed by others

Herbicide resistance status impacts the profile of non-anthocyanin polyphenolics and some phytomedical properties of edible cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) flowers

Article Open access 17 July 2023

Local landraces of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) from northwestern Spain by evaluating cyanogenesis, agromorphological characteristics and microsatellites

Article Open access 21 November 2025

Phytochemical screening and allelopathic potential of phytoextracts of three invasive grass species

Article Open access 18 May 2023

Article PDF

References

  1. De Araújo, A M. 1976. The relationship between altitude and cyanogenesis in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). Heredity, 37, 291–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Attwood, S S, and Sullivan, J T. 1943. Inheritance of a cyanogenic glucoside and its hydrolyzing enzyme in Trifolium repens. J Hered, 34, 311–320.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bansal, R D. 1966. Studies on procedures for combining clones of Birdsfoot Trefoil, Lotus corniculatus L. Ph.D. Thesis, Cornell University. U.S.A..

  4. Benson, M, and Borrill, M. 1969. The significance of clinal variation in Dactylis marina Borrill. New Phytol, 68, 1159–1173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Brighton, F, and Horne, M T. 1977. Influence of temperature on cyanogenic polymorphisms. Nature, 265, 437–438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Charlton, J F L. 1973. The potential value of birdsfoot trefoils (Lotus spp.) for the improvement of natural pastures in Scotland. J Brit Soc, 28, 91–96.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Clapham, A R, Tutin, E F, and Warburg, E F. 1962. Flora of the British Isles, 2nd Edition. Cambridge University Press..

    Google Scholar 

  8. Clarke, B C. 1960. Divergent effects of natural selection on two closely-related polymorphic snails. Heredity, 14, 423–443.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cook, S A. 1962. Genetic system, variation and adaptation in Eschoscholzia californica. Evolution, 16, 278–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Corkill, L. 1942. Cyanogenesis in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). V. The inheritance of cyanogenesis. NZJ Sci Tech, 23 B, 178–193.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Daday, H. 1954a. Gene frequencies in wild populations of Trifolium repens. I. Distribution by latitude. Heredity, 8, 61–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Daday, H. 1954b. Gene frequencies in wild populations of Trifolium repens. II. Distribution by altitude. Heredity, 8, 377–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Daday, H. 1958. Gene frequencies in wild populations of Trifolium repens L. III. World distribution. Heredity, 12, 169–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Daday, H. 1965. Gene frequencies in wild populations of Trifolium repens L. IV. Mechanism of natural selection. Heredity, 20, 355–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. David, J R, and Bocquet, C. 1975. Evolution in a cosmopolitan species: genetic latitudinal clines in Drosophila melanogaster wild populations. Experientia, 31, 164–166.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Davies, W E. 1969. The potential of Lotus spp. for hill land in Wales. J Brit Grass Soc, 24, 264–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Dawson, C D R. 1941. Tetrasomic inheritance in Lotus corniculatus L. J Genetics, 42, 49–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ellis, W M, Keymer, R J, and Jones, D A. 1976. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. VI. Ecological studies in the Netherlands. Heredity, 36, 245–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ellis, W M, Keymer, R J, and Jones, D A. 1977. The effect of temperature on the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. Heredity, 38, 339–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Epling, C, Lewis, H, and Ball, F M. 1960. The breeding group and seed storage: a study in population dynamics. Evolution, 14, 238–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Harberd, D J. 1958. Progress and prospects in genecology. Scottish Plant Breeding Station Report for 1958, p. 52.

  22. Harberd, D J. 1961. The case for extensive rather than intensive sampling in genecology. The New Phytologist, 60, 325–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Hart, R H, and Wilsie, C P. 1959. Inheritance of a flower character, brown keel tip, in Lotus corniculatus L. Agron J, 51, 379–380.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hewitt, G M, and Brown, F M. 1970. The β-chromosome system of Myrmeleotettix maculatus. V. A steep cline in East Anglia. Heredity, 25, 363–371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hogg, P J, and Ahlgren, H L, 1942. A rapid method for determining hydrocyanic acid content of single plants of Sudan grass. J Am Soc Agron, 34, 199–200.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Jones, D A. 1963. D.Phil. Thesis, University of Oxford, England.

  27. Jones, D A. 1966. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus. Selection by animals. Canad J Genet Cytol, 8, 556–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Jones, D A. 1968. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. II. The interaction with Trifolium repens L. Heredity 23, 453–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Jones, D A. 1970. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. III. Some aspects of selection. Heredity, 25, 633–647.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Jones, D A. 1972. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. IV. The Netherlands. Genetica, 43, 394–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Jones, D A. 1973a. On the polymorphism of cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L. V. Denmark. Heredity, 30, 381–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Jones, D A. 1973b. Coevolution and cyanogenesis. In Taxonomy and Ecology, ed. V. H. Heywood, pp. 213–242. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Klimatologische Gegevens Van Nederlandes Stations. 1969. No. 2. Averages for the period 1951-1960. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt.

  34. Langlet, O. 1959. A cline or not a cline—a question of Scots Pine. Silvae Genetica, 8, 14–22.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Masaki, Sinzo. 1967. Geographic variation and climatic adaptation in a field cricket (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Evolution, 21, 725–741.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. New, J. 1958. A population study of Spergula arvensis. I. Two clines and their significance. Annals of Botany, 22, 457–477.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Orsi, S. 1963. II ginestrino e la produzione del seme. Sementi Elette, 3, 916–206.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Pootschi, I. 1959. Agronomic, genetic and cytological investigation on vigor of establishment, growth form and other morphological characters in birdsfoot trefoil Lotus corniculatus L. Ph.D. Thesis, Cornell University, U.S.A..

  39. Prime, C T. 1955. Variation Arrum maculatum. Watsonia, 3, 181–185.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Robinson, D H. 1947. Leguminous Forage Crops. 2nd Edition. Edward Arnold.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Seaney, R R and, Henson, P R. 1970. Birdsfoot trefoil. Adv Agronomy, 22, 119–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Somaroo, B H, and Grant, W F. 1972. Meiotic chromosome behaviour in tetraploid hybrids between synthetic Lotus amphidiploids and L. corniculatus. Canad J Genet CytoL, 14, 57–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Tutin, T G, Heywood; V H, Burges, N W, Moore, D M, Valentine, D H, Walters, S M, and Webb, D A. 1968. Eds. Flora Europea, Volume 2. Cambridge University Press.

  44. Urbanska-Worytkiewicz, K, and Wildi, O. 1975. Variation within Lotus corniculatus L. sensu lato from Switzerland. I. Preliminary report on chromosome numbers and cyanogenesis. Berichte de Geobot Inst Zürich, 43, 54–82.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Usher, M B. 1975. Analysis of pattern in real and artificial plant populations. J Ecol, 63, 569–586.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. De WAAL, D. 1942. Het cyanophore karakter van Witte Klaver, Trifolium repens L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Landbouwhoogeschool, Wageningen.

  47. Wernsman, E A, Keim, W F, and Davis, R L, 1964. Meiotic behaviour in two Lotus species. Crop Science, 4, 483–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Yates, F. 1971. Sampling Methods for Censuses and Surveys, 3rd Edition. Griffin, London.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Zitnak, A. 1973. Assay methods for hydrocyanic acid in plant tissues and their application in studies of cyanogenetic glycosides in Manihot esculenta. In Chronic Cassava Toxicity, ed. B. Nestel and R. Maclntyre, pp. 88–96. International Development Research Centre, Canada..

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unit of Genetics, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, England

    David A Jones

Authors
  1. David A Jones
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jones, D. On the polymorphism of Cyanogenesis in Lotus corniculatus L.. Heredity 39, 27–44 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1977.40

Download citation

  • Received: 27 September 1976

  • Issue date: 01 August 1977

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1977.40

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

This article is cited by

  • Cyanogenesis in Turnera ulmifolia L. (Turneraceae). I. Phenotypic distribution and genetic variation for cyanogenesis on Jamaica

    • P J Schappert
    • J S Shore

    Heredity (1995)

  • Properties and functions of the cyanogenic system in higher plants

    • P. Kakes

    Euphytica (1990)

  • Variation in the colour of the keel petals in Lotus corniculatus L. 5. Successional differences in the distribution of dark-keeled plants

    • S G Compton
    • S G Beesley
    • David A Jones

    Heredity (1988)

  • Glucocapparin variability among four populations ofIsomeris arborea Nutt

    • Matthew J. Blua
    • Zac Hanscom
    • Boyd D. Collier

    Journal of Chemical Ecology (1988)

  • Variation in alien Lotus corniculatus L. 1. Morphological differences between alien and native British plants

    • Françoise Bonnemaison
    • David A Jones

    Heredity (1986)

Download PDF

Advertisement

Explore content

  • Research articles
  • Reviews & Analysis
  • News & Comment
  • Podcasts
  • Current issue
  • Collections
  • Follow us on Twitter
  • Sign up for alerts
  • RSS feed

About the journal

  • Journal Information
  • Open access publishing
  • About the Editors
  • Contact
  • About the Partner
  • For Advertisers
  • Subscribe

Publish with us

  • For Authors & Referees
  • Language editing services
  • Open access funding
  • Submit manuscript

Search

Advanced search

Quick links

  • Explore articles by subject
  • Find a job
  • Guide to authors
  • Editorial policies

Heredity (Heredity)

ISSN 1365-2540 (online)

ISSN 0018-067X (print)

nature.com sitemap

About Nature Portfolio

  • About us
  • Press releases
  • Press office
  • Contact us

Discover content

  • Journals A-Z
  • Articles by subject
  • protocols.io
  • Nature Index

Publishing policies

  • Nature portfolio policies
  • Open access

Author & Researcher services

  • Reprints & permissions
  • Research data
  • Language editing
  • Scientific editing
  • Nature Masterclasses
  • Research Solutions

Libraries & institutions

  • Librarian service & tools
  • Librarian portal
  • Open research
  • Recommend to library

Advertising & partnerships

  • Advertising
  • Partnerships & Services
  • Media kits
  • Branded content

Professional development

  • Nature Awards
  • Nature Careers
  • Nature Conferences

Regional websites

  • Nature Africa
  • Nature China
  • Nature India
  • Nature Japan
  • Nature Middle East
  • Privacy Policy
  • Use of cookies
  • Legal notice
  • Accessibility statement
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Your US state privacy rights
Springer Nature

© 2026 Springer Nature Limited