Abstract
Chiasma frequencies have been collected from males of 33 species of marsupial, varying widely with respect to size, reproduction and development. Correlation analyses show that species with lower levels of recombination are smaller, have larger litters and develop more quickly. Two indices of recombination level were considered: Darlington's Recombination Index, and the Excess Chiasma frequency (chiasmata above one per bivalent). The EC is in general more strongly correlated than RI with aspects of life history. It is suggested that EC levels have evolved due to the effects of EC on recombination, but that chromosome number has evolved independently.
Similar content being viewed by others
Article PDF
References
Bennett, J H, Hayman, D L, and Hope, P M. 1986. Novel sex difference in linkage values and meiotic chromosome behaviour in a marsupial. Nature, 233, 59–60.
Bell, G. 1982. The Masterpriece of Nature. Croom Helm, London.
Bishop, O N. 1981. Statistics for Biology: A practical guide for the experimental biologist, 3rd edition. Longman, New York.
Burt, A, and Bell, G. 1987. Mammalian chiasma frequencies: A critical test of two theories of recombination. Nature, 326, 803–805.
Callan, H G, and Perry, P E. 1977. Recombination in male and female meiocytes contrasted. Phil Trans R Soc Lond B. 277, 227–233.
Charlesworth, B. 1985. Recombination, genome size and chromosome number. In Cavalier-Smith, T. (ed.) The Evolution of Genome Size, Wiley-Interscience, Chichester.
Collins, L R. 1973. Monotremes and Marsupials—A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington.
Darlington, C D. 1932. Recent Advances in Cytology. J. and A. Churchill, London.
Darlington, C D. 1939. The Evolution of Genetic Systems. Cambridge University Press.
Gemmel, G T. 1982. Breeding bandicoots in Brisbane (Isoodon macrourus; Marsupialia, Peramelidae). Aust Mammal, 5, 187–193.
Grant, V. 1958. The regulation of recombination in plants. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biology. 23, 337–363.
Grant, V. 1975. The Genetics of Flowering Plants. Columbia University Press.
Hayman, D L. 1981. Components of genetic systems in mammals. In Atchley, W. R. and Woodruff, D. (eds.) Evolution and Speciation: Essays in Honor of M J D White, Cambridge University Press.
Hayman, D L, and Martin, P G. 1974. Mammalia I: Monotremata and Marsupialia. Vol. 4: Chordata 4. In John, B. (ed.) Animal Cytogenetics, Borntraeger, Berlin.
Hayman, D L, Rofe, R H, and Sharp, P J. 1987. Chromosome Evolution in Marsupials. Chromosomes Today, Vol. 9, 91–102.
Hyett, J. 1980. Austrialian Mammals—Afield guide for New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. Nelson, Melbourne.
John, B, and Lewis, K R. 1975. Chromosome Hierarchy: An Introduction to the Biology of the Chromosome. Oxford University Press.
Kando, N, and Kato, H. 1980. Analysis of crossing over in mouse meiotic cells by BrdU labelling technique. Chromosoma, 78, 113–122.
Kaufmann, J H. 1974. The ecology and evolution of social organization in the kangaroo family (Macropodidae). Amer Zool 14, 51–62.
Lee, A K, Woolley, P, and Braithwaite, R W. 1982. Life history strategies of dasyurid marsupials. In Archer, M. (ed.) Carnivorous Marsupials, Roy Zool Soc. NSW, Sydney.
Macarthur, R H, and Wilson, E O. 1967. The Theory of Island Biography. Princeton University Press.
Mather, K. 1953. The genetical structure of populations. Symp Soc Exp Biol, 7, 66–95.
Maynard Smith, J. 1978. The Evolution of Sex. Cambridge University Press.
Morton, S R. 1982. Dasyurid marsupials of the Australian arid zone; An ecological review. In Archer, M. (ed.) Carnivorous Marsupials, Roy Zool Soc NSW., Sydney.
Pianka, E R. 1970. On r- and K-selection. Amer Natur, 104, 592–597.
Polani, P E. 1972. Centromere localization at meiosis and the position of chiasmata in the male and female mouse. Chromosoma, 36, 343–374.
Rofe, R H. 1978. G-banded chromosomes and the evolution of Macropodidae. Aust Mammal, 2, 52–62.
Rofe, R H, and Hayman, D. 1985. G-band evidence for a conserved complement in the Marsupialia. Cytogenet Cell Genet, 39, 40–50.
Rose, R W. 1978. Reproduction and evolution in female Macropodidae. Aust Mammal, 2, 56–72.
Rose, R W, and McCartney, D J. 1982. Growth of the Red-bellied Pademelon, Thylogale billardierii, and age estimation of pouch young. Aust Wildl Res. 9, 33–38.
Ride, W D L. 1970. A Guide to the Native Mammals of Australia. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
Russell, E M. 1982. Patterns of parental care and parental investment in marsupials. Biol Rev, 57, 423–486.
Sharp, P J. 1982. Sex chromosome pairing during meiosis in marsupials. Chromosoma, 86, 27–47.
Sharp, P J, and Hayman, D L. 1985. Variation in chiasma frequency in male Trichosorus vulpecula (Marsupialia: Mammalia). Genetica, 66, 145–150.
Stebbins, G L. 1958. Longevity, habitat and release of genetic variability in the higher plants. Cold Spring Harbour Symp Quant Biol, 23, 365–378.
Stonehouse, B, and Gilmore, D. 1977. The Biology of Marsupials. Macmillan, London.
Strahan, R. 1983. Complete Book of Australian Mammals. Angus and Robertson, and the Australian Museum, Melbourne.
Tease, C, and Jones, G H. 1978. Analysis of exchanges in differentially stained meiotic chromosomes of Locusta migratoria after Brdu-substitution and FPG staining I. Crossover exchanges in monochiasmate bivalents. Chromosoma, 69, 163–178.
Tyndale-Biscoe, H. 1973. Life of Marsupials, Edward Arnold, London.
Wells, R T. 1978. Field observations of the Hairy-Nosed Wombat, Lasiorhinus latifrons (Owen). Aust Wildl Res, 5, 299–303.
Wilson, A C, Bush, G L, Case, S M, and King, M C. 1975. Social structuring of mammalian populations and the rate of chromosomal evolution. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA, 72, 5061–5065.
Wood Jones, F. 1923–25. The Mammals of South Australia—Parts I–III. Government Printer, Adelaide.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sharp, P., Hayman, D. An examination of the role of chiasma frequency in the genetic system of marsupials. Heredity 60, 77–85 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1988.12
Received:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1988.12


