Table 4 Distribution of hypertensive population with and without metabolic syndrome among different polymorphisms of the RAAS and analysis of the risk of uncontrolled AHT fitting various different multivariate models

From: Inefficient arterial hypertension control in patients with metabolic syndrome and its link to renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system polymorphisms

 

NR3C2

Controlled AHT N (%)

Uncontrolled AHT N (%)

ORc

ORa 1

ORa 2

ORa 3

ORa 4

ORa 5

ORa 6

MS

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Dominant

C/C

19 (55.9)

34 (30.1)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

C/G-G/G

15 (44.1)

79 (69.9)

2.94 (1.34–6.47)

2.91 (1.31–6.46)

3.01 (1.32–6.87)

2.91 (1.26–6.74)

2.95 (1.25–6.94)

2.85 (1.17–6.98)

4.03 (1.44–11.26)

P-valuea

   

0.007

0.009

0.009

0.013

0.013

0.022

0.008

AIC

    

156.61

159.61

165.91

168.95

164.22

157.21

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Dominant

A/A

25 (73.8)

59 (52.2)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

A/G-G/G

9 (26.5)

55 (47.8)

2.54 (1.09–5.93)

2.67 (1.13–6.31)

2.63 (1.09–6.33)

2.70 (1.11–6.59)

2.84 (1.15–7.06)

2.98 (1.14–7.76)

2.88 (1.01–8.19)

P-valuea

   

0.031

0.026

0.031

0.029

0.024

0.025

0.048

AIC

    

158.18

161.58

167.11

169.67

164.10

160.45

No MS

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Recessive

C/C

17 (32.1)

12 (14.3)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

C/G-G/G

36 (67.9)

72 (85.7)

2.83 (1.22–6.56)

2.94 (1.26–6.88)

3.15 (1.32–7.49)

2.09 (1.19–7.13)

2.88 (1.16–7.18)

2.84 (1.12–7.18)

3.42 (1.22–9.58)

P-valuea

   

0.015

0.013

0.010

0.020

0.023

0.028

0.019

AIC

    

182.61

178.69

179.05

181.45

180.78

176.27

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Dominant

A/A

31 (58.5)

38 (45.2)

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

 

A/G-G/G

22 (41.5)

46 (54.8)

1.71 (0.85–3.42)

1.81 (0.90–3.69)

1.78 (0.86–3.69)

1.76 (0.82–3.78)

1.79 (0.83–3.88)

1.70 (0.78–3.72)

2.17 (0.86–5.49)

P-valuea

   

0.132

0.098

0.120

0.143

0.139

0.185

0.102

AIC

    

186.19

183.13

182.45

184.54

183.93

179.22

  1. Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike's information criteria; AHT, arterial hypertension; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MS, metabolic syndrome; ORa, adjusted odds ratio; ORc, crude adjusted odds ratio; RAAS, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.
  2. aZ-test.
  3. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6): different adjustment models:
  4. 1. Gender+age.
  5. 2. Gender+age+waist-to-hip ratio+BMI.
  6. 3. Gender+age+waist-to-hip ratio+BMI+plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of total cholesterol+plasma levels of fasting glucose+plasma levels triglycerides.
  7. 4. Gender+age+waist-to-hip ratio+BMI+plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of total cholesterol+plasma levels of fasting glucose+plasma levels triglycerides+renal damage (yes/no)+DM (yes/no).
  8. 5. Gender+age+waist-to-hip ratio+BMI+plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of total cholesterol+plasma levels of fasting glucose+plasma levels triglycerides+renal damage (yes/no)+DM (yes/no)+smoking habit (smoker–ex-smoker/non-smoker).
  9. 6. Gender+age+waist-to-hip ratio+BMI+plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol+plasma levels of total cholesterol+plasma levels of fasting glucose+plasma levels triglycerides+renal damage (yes/no)+DM (yes/no)+smoking habit (smoker–ex-smoker/non-smoker)+anti-AHT treatment (α-blockers (yes/no)+ β-blockers (yes/no)+calcium antagonists (yes/no)+thiazide diuretic (yes/no)+ACE-inhibitor (yes/no)+angiotensin receptor antagonist (yes/no).
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