Figure 5

TNF-α stimulates TNAP in human VSMCs. In human VSMCs cultured as detailed in ‘Materials and methods’, TNF-α at 1 ng/ml increased the levels of TNAP at 48 h, as measured by quantitative PCR (a) and TNAP activity after 7 days, as measured by the method of Lowry (b). ^*P<0.05 as compared with untreated cells.