Figure 5

mRNA expression of phenotypic markers of osteoblast differentiation and lysyl oxidase (Lox) in vivo. (a) mRNA expression of Runx2, Alpl, Spp1, Lox, and Gapdh in the distal femoral metaphysis in the adenine and control groups. (b–e) Quantification of Runx2, Alpl, Spp1, and Lox genes in the adenine and control groups. mRNA expression relative to Gapdh mRNA expression was determined, and fold changes were normalized to values in the control group. Data are shown as means±s.d. Significant differences were identified using the Mann–Whitney’s U-test. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs control.