Figure 6
From: Norovirus antagonism of B-cell antigen presentation results in impaired control of acute infection
The VP2 protein regulates antigen presentation in B cells and B-cell-mediated control of acute MNV-1 infection. (a) Duplicate wells of M12 cells were inoculated with mock inoculum (black bars), MNV-1 (dark gray bars), MNV-1.3VP2 (white bars), MNV-3 (hatched bars, vertical lines), or MNV-3.1VP2 (hatched bars, diagonal lines) at MOI 5. At 2 d.p.i., cells were stained with antibodies to MHC I, MHC II, CD40, CD80, and CD86. Flow cytometry was carried out as described in the Methods and isotype control antibodies were used to set gates. The experiment was repeated three times. For all markers, the data from all experimental replicates are averaged. Statistical comparisons were made between each parental and chimeric pair. (b, c) Groups of B6 (gray bars) and μMT (white bars) mice were infected p.o. with 107 TCID50 units MNV-1 or MNV-1.3VP2 (b), or MNV-3 or MNV-3.1VP2 (c). At 3 d.p.i., the indicated tissues were dissected and viral titers were determined by plaque assay. The data are reported as pfu per gram of tissue and the data for all mice per group (n=5 mice over two experiments) are averaged. Dashed lines indicate the limit of detection for each tissue. The fold-change in averaged virus titers comparing B6 to μMT for each virus strain is indicated above each set of bars. d.p.i., days post infection; MOI, multiplicity of infection; p.o., perorally.
