Extended Data Figure 5: Simulated absorbance changes (ΔA) for low VIS intensity and different pulse configurations.
From: Reconstruction and control of a time-dependent two-electron wave packet

a, One attosecond pulse, φCEP = 0. b, One attosecond pulse, φCEP = π/2. c, Two attosecond pulses, φCEP = 0. d, Two attosecond pulses, φCEP = π/2. e, Multiple attosecond pulses (pulse train), φCEP = 0. f, Multiple attosecond pulses (pulse train), φCEP = π/2. The lower plots in a–f show the respective pulse configurations at zero time delay. The VIS pulse duration was 7 fs and the intensity was 3 × 1010 W cm−2. g, h, Power spectral density distribution of the ΔA oscillation of the experiment (g) and the simulation (h). The frequency range used in the analysis is marked in red. We used the full modulation bandwidth, via filtering from near-zero frequency up to the Nyquist frequency, to retrieve the phase φA(τ).