Extended Data Figure 5: Induction of ACF and adenoma formation in response to magnetic pressure mimicking tumour growth in vivo observed by colonoscopy in Apc+/1638N mice.
From: Mechanical induction of the tumorigenic β-catenin pathway by tumour growth pressure
a, Apc+/1638N control: time 0, 0 aberrant crypt; t = 5 days, 0 aberrant crypt; t = 15 days, 2 ± 1 ACF; t = 1 month, 4 ± 1 ACF; t = 1.5 months, 4 ± 1 ACF; t = 2 months, 5 ± 2 ACF; t = 2.5 months, 3 ± 2 ACF (measured in n = 3 mice). Apc+/1638N UML: time 0, 0 aberrant crypt; t = 5 days, 0 aberrant crypt; t = 15 days, 2 ± 1 ACF; t = 1 month, 4 ± 1 ACF; t = 1.5 months, 4 ± 3 ACF; t = 2 months, 4 ± 2 ACF; t = 2.5 months, 3 ± 1 ACF (measured in n = 3 mice). Mean size of ACF remained constant and around 874.5 ± 414 μm2 in both cases. Apc+/1638N UML + magnet: time 0, 0 aberrant crypt; t = 5 days, 2 ± 1 ACF of size 1,146.9 ± 101 μm2; t = 15 days, 8 ± 2 ACF of size 1,777.7 ± 775 μm2 plus one small adenoma of 4,229.38 μm2 size; t = 1 month, 8 ± 2 ACF of mean size 3,483.9 ± 665 μm2 plus one small adenoma; t = 1.5 months, 8 ± 2 ACF plus one bigger adenoma of 6,379.92 μm2 size; t = 2 months, 8 ± 2 ACF plus one small adenoma of 3,512.54 μm2 size plus one bigger adenoma; t = 2.5 months, 8 ± 2 ACF plus one small adenoma plus one bigger adenoma of 6,523.28 μm2 size (measured in n = 3 mice). Time 0 corresponds to 4-month-old animals. b, Histologic characterization of the adenoma carcinoma induced by magnetic mechanical pressure mimicking tumour growth in the Apc+/1638N mice using haematoxylin and eosin stainning. Apc+/1638N UML 2.5 months, no ademona carcinoma is observed (measured in n = 3 mice); Apc+/1638N UML magnet 2.5 months and zoom, the crypt fusion and loss of apico-basal polarity in nucleus position show the carcinoma nature of the two adenoma observed (measured in n = 3 mice). All mice were injected at 4 months. c, LOH (loss of heterozygosity) evaluation in colonic tissues of Apc+/1638N mice under UML mechanical pressure by genotyping at 15 days. PCR analysis of DNA derived from Apc+/1638N mice with oligonucleotides detecting the wild-type and mutant Apc1638N allele. Wild-type mice show no Apc1638N allele (measured in n = 3 mice), whereas Apc+/1638N heterozygous mice show a ratio Apc:Apc1638N of 1.1 ± 0.1 (measured in n = 3 mice). Apc+/1638N mice with UML and magnet show a ratio Apc:Apc1638N of 1.1 ± 0.1 (measured in n = 2 mice).
