Extended Data Figure 4: Effect of oxygen availability, nutrient availability and anchorage on reductive carboxylation.
From: Reductive carboxylation supports redox homeostasis during anchorage-independent growth
a, Mass isotopologues of citrate in spheroids cultured with [U-13C]glutamine under 20% and 60% oxygen (n = 4 cultures from two experiments). b, Effects of reducing extracellular glucose and glutamine concentrations on citrate mass isotopologues in monolayer cells cultured with [U-13C]glutamine (n = 2 cultures from a representative experiment). c, Day 7 spheroids were allowed to attach to a conventional tissue culture dish for 24 h, and mass isotopologues of citrate were analysed with [U-13C]glutamine tracing (n = 4 cultures from two experiments). Insets are photomicrographs of cells in each of the culture conditions. Scale bars, 200 μm. All data represent mean ± s.d. *P < 0.05 comparing to monolayer, #P < 0.05 comparing to spheroid, Welch’s unequal variances t-test followed by multiple-comparison correction. All experiments were repeated 3 times or more.
