Academic achievement problems as a function of specific cognitive deficits in idiopathic hypopituitary dwarfs

Abstract

Intelligence testing (Wechsler Scales) and academic achievement testing (Wide Range Achievement & Peabody Individualized Achievement) were completed on 33 school-aged hypopituitary dwarfs with isolated growth hormone deficiency and 11 with multiple deficiencies.^* Significant Verbal-Performance discrepancies (> 15 points) characterized the cognitive test pattern for 45% of the isolated group compared to an expected frequency of < 15% in the normal population. Academic achievement was below grade level in 80% of the boys with V-P discrepancies compared to minor achievement problems in girls. Patients with multiple hormone deficiencies had significantly lower IQ's (Mean Full Scale = 79) than the isolated group (Mean Full Scale = 99). Academic achievement in the multiple group was commensurate with lower intelligence. These data suggest that (1) a difference in overall intellectual functioning may exist between children with isolated growth deficiency and children with multiple pituitary deficiencies and (2) poor academic achievement may be a function of specific cognitive deficits rather than secondary to low self-esteem and reduced parental expectations as suggested by previous investigations.

^* 6 additional children with multiple deficiencies are being tested.

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