Abstract
Theophylline (theo) has been used in preterm neonates for apnea of prematurity (A&B) and to facilitate extubation. In addition to being a respiratory stimulant, theo is an airway smooth muscle relaxant. The role of theo on pulmonary mechanics of preterm neonates with compliant airways was evaluated to define the effect of airway smooth muscle relaxation. Fifteen preterm neonates (≤32 weeks gestation, ≤10 days postnatal age) who were administered theo for A&B or extubation were enrolled in the study. Pulmonary mechanics were determined prior to commencement of theo and 2-5 days subsequently. Mean theo level was 8.4 mg/dl). Signals of airflow and transpulmonary pressure, obtained during spontaneous breathing, were analyzed and recorded by the PEDS computer. Mean values for dynamic pulmonary compliance (C, ml/cmH2O/kg); pulmonary resistance, resistive work of breathing: inspiratory, expiratory and whole breath (Ri, Re, R; cmH2O/L/sec; and WOBi, WOBe, WOB; gm.cm/kg) before and on theo are listed:
Significant increases in C (* p<0.05) and decreases in Ri (* p<0.05) were demonstrated. Changes in Re were inconclusive because of high variability and may be explained by the propensity towards airway collapse. These data describe the changes in pulmonary mechanics due to the direct effects of theo on airway smooth muscle. (Supp. in part by NIH HL32031).
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Bhutani, V., Shaffer, T., Abbasi, S. et al. EFFECT OF THEOPHYLLINE ON PRETERM (≤ 32 WKS) PULMONARY MECHANICS. Pediatr Res 21 (Suppl 4), 232 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198704010-00395
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-198704010-00395
