Anaphylactic Reactions to Bee-Sting Challenges in Allergic Children Are Not Modified by Endogeneous Catecholamines

Abstract

ABSTRACT: To investigate the role of basal catecholamine levels and the response of the adrenergic system to expected bee stings, plasma catecholamines were measured before and 1 and 2 min after bee-sting challenges. Twenty-one children (aged 4–15 y) with bee-sting allergies were selected for sequential challenges to establish the need for venom immunotherapy. The time interval between the challenges varied from 2 to 6 wk. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine plasma levels were measured using a simultaneous single-isotope radioenzymatic assay. On the first challenge, 33% of the children experienced a normal local reaction, 29% a large local reaction, and 38% a systemic reaction. On the second challenge in 18 out of 21 subjects, 67% experienced a normal normal local reaction, 22% a large local reaction, and 11% a systemic reaction. Epinephrine and norepinephrine plasma levels increased significantly on the first and second challenges. Dopamine plasma levels showed a significant increase on the first challenge only. Plasma catecholamine levels after the second challenge revealed a significant positive correlation between epinephrine increases measured 1 and 2 min after the challenge and the concomitant sting reaction. Basal epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine plasma levels did not differ significantly between patients who experienced different types of sting reactions. Based on our data, we conclude that clinical reactions to in-hospital insect-sting challenges are not affected by early increases in plasma catecholamine levels produced by the expected stress situation.

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