Fig. 3: ARD1 does not inhibit mTOR signaling in prostate cancer.

Increasing amounts of FLAG-ARD1 were transfected in PC-3 cells. ARD1 overexpression did not increase p-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-4EBP1 expression relative to endogenous ARD1 expression and its effect on downstream targets. Expression of the downstream mTOR target, p-4EBP1, under the mock ARD1 transfection condition, suggests ARD1 expression activates mTOR signaling in PCa as opposed to inhibition reported in breast cancer. N = 3, representative blots shown. The Lipofectamine 3000 (ThermoFisher Scientific) system was used for transfection. Whole-cell lysates were collected and run on gradient 4–20% SDS gels and bands were detected via the ECL method