Fig. 1: Regulators and interacting viral proteins of the RLR–MAVS antiviral signaling pathway. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 1: Regulators and interacting viral proteins of the RLR–MAVS antiviral signaling pathway.

From: Intracellular sensing of viral genomes and viral evasion

Fig. 1: Regulators and interacting viral proteins of the RLR–MAVS antiviral signaling pathway.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Schematic presentation of positive and negative regulators of RLRs (Top) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5) (Bottom) through PTMs or non-PTMs and immune invasion viral proteins interacting with RIG-I (Top) and MDA5 (Bottom). The RLR-MAVS pathway includes the key cytosolic sensors RIG-I and MDA5, which detect viral RNA. These sensors subsequently interact with the central antiviral signaling protein MAVS, which in turn activates the transcription factors NF-κB and IRF3/IRF7 via the cytosolic kinases IKK and TBK1/IKKε, respectively. Activated transcription factors NF-κB, IRF7 and IRF3 translocate to the nucleus and induce transcription of type I IFN and pro-inflammatory genes

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