Fig. 1: Melatonin stimulates aromatase expression in primary human granulosa-lutein cells.

a Cells were treated with different concentrations of melatonin (Mel) for 24 h, and aromatase mRNA levels (CYP19A1) were examined by RT-qPCR. b Cells were treated with 500 µM melatonin (Mel) for 24 h, and the mRNA levels of StAR, P450scc, and 3β-HSD were examined by RT-qPCR. c Cells were treated with different concentrations of melatonin (Mel) for 24 h, and aromatase protein levels were examined by western blotting. d Cells were treated with 500 µM melatonin (Mel) for 24 or 48 h, and aromatase protein levels were examined by western blotting. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. Values without a common letter are significantly different (p < 0.05).