Fig. 4: Spermidine inhibits BLM-induced increases in proinflammatory mediators and profibrotic cytokines in mouse lungs.

a IL-1, b TNF-α, and c active TGF-β1 protein expression were measured using ELISA. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs. the BLM(+)/spermidine(−)group.