Fig. 10: Schematic illustration of the cytokine feedback loop-mediated crosstalk between FLSs and osteoclasts. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 10: Schematic illustration of the cytokine feedback loop-mediated crosstalk between FLSs and osteoclasts.

From: Rheumatoid arthritis severity is mediated by crosstalk between synoviocytes and mature osteoclasts through a calcium and cytokine feedback loop

Fig. 10

The released inflammatory cytokines and Ca2+, which are main components in inflammatory synovium enhanced the bone resorption factor M-CSF from RA-FLSs. M-CSF derived from RA-FLSs promoted osteoclast-induced bone resorption, which increased the release of Ca2+ from the bone. Increased Ca2+ and cytokine levels simultaneously increased FLS activation, suggesting that a cytokine feedback loop is continuously generated, which subsequently exacerbates RA. The open-dotted curved arrows represent the cytokine feedback loop between FLSs and osteoclasts through the involvement of releasing components such as cytokines and Ca2+. OC, osteoclast.

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