Table 2 Emerging PL Technologies.
From: Bridging molecular and cellular neuroscience with proximity labeling technologies
Molecule | Type | Labeling time | Advantages | Limitations | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Photocatalytic PL | PhoxID | Affinity-based photoactivation | 1 min | Direct in vivo use, receptor targeting | Probe delivery and light penetration limitations | |
PDPL | Photosensitizer-based labeling | ~2–20 min | High specificity, spatiotemporal precision | Requires miniSOG fusion, diffusion limited | ||
PhoTag | Photocatalytic cell tagging | ~2–10 min | Nongenetic and noninvasive labeling with high spatial–temporal control | Requires light exposure for activation | ||
Calcium-dependent PL | CaST | Biotin ligase | ~10–30 min | Rapid and precise Ca2+-triggered labeling | Requires exogenous biotin and Ca2+ influx | |
Cal-ID | Biotin ligase | ~5–15 min | Rapid and precise Ca2+-triggered labeling | Requires exogenous biotin and Ca2+ influx | ||
Phosphoproteomics | BioID – CK2 BioID – PKA | Biotin ligase - kinase fusion protein | 24 h | Detection of kinase-specific phosphorylation | Long labeling time | |
APEX2 – MAPK1 APEX2 – PKA | Peroxidase - kinase fusion protein | 1 min | Rapid detection of phosphorylated substrates with spatial resolution | Requires H2O2 which can perturb redox-sensitive processes |
