Fig. 6: Sivelestat, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, reduces fibrosis and inflammation in PASC. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 6: Sivelestat, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, reduces fibrosis and inflammation in PASC.

From: Prolonged immune activation in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: neutrophil dynamics and therapeutic insights

Fig. 6: Sivelestat, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, reduces fibrosis and inflammation in PASC.

a A schematic overview of the animal experiment. The diagram reflects each group of the inhibitor treatment schedule. Created with BioRender.com. b–f Body weight change data of ‘Non-treat’ (SARS2, SARS-CoV-2 infection only) (b), 2% DMSO in a saline treatment (2% DMSO) (c), WRW4/2% DMSO in a saline treatment (WRW4) (d), Paquinimod/2% DMSO in a saline treatment (Paquinimod) (e) and Sivelestat/2% DMSO in a saline treatment (f) (n = 50). g Proportion of recovery (blue), non-recovery (yellow) and death (red) of each group. h, i Relative expression levels (indicated as delta–delta cycle threshold (Ct) values) of IL1B, NFKB1 and IFNG at 15 (h) and 30 (i) dpi in the lung. The gene expressions were normalized by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as a housekeeping gene. Statistical significances are indicated as follows: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns (P > 0.05), one-way ANOVA. CTRL, control group; Non-treat_rec, recovery group without treatment; Non-treat_PASC, non-recovery group without treatment; 2% DMSO_rec, recovery group treated with 2% DMSO in saline; 2% DMSO_PASC, non-recovery group treated with 2% DMSO in saline.

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