Fig. 2: Dcstamp tail−/− mice exhibit diminished bone resorption along with enhanced bone and vasculature formation. | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Fig. 2: Dcstamp tail−/− mice exhibit diminished bone resorption along with enhanced bone and vasculature formation.

From: A novel DCSTAMP antagonist impedes preosteoclast fusion via modulation of RAP1B–RAC1-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling

Fig. 2: Dcstamp tail−/− mice exhibit diminished bone resorption along with enhanced bone and vasculature formation.The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

a A representative TRAP-stained histological sections of distal femora from WT mice subjected to sham operation (WT Sham), DCSTAMP endoplasmic tail-deficient mice with sham surgery (Dcstamp-tail−/− Sham), ovariectomized WT mice (WT OVX) and ovariectomized DCSTAMP endoplasmic tail-deficient mice (Dcstamp-tail−/− OVX). Scale bar, 100 μm. b A quantitative analysis of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (mature osteoclasts) and TRAP-positive mononuclear cells (preosteoclasts) derived from histological sections. c The TRAP-positive mature osteoclasts differentiated from primary bone marrow-derived macrophages. Scale bar, 200 μm. d A visualization of cytoskeletal architecture utilizing FITC-conjugated phalloidin for F-actin detection. Scale bar, 200 μm. e The immunohistochemical analysis of OCN expression in distal femoral sections. Scale bar, 20 μm. f The calcein double staining performed on sections of the distal femur. Scale bar, 20 μm. g The quantification of osteoclast quantities and average sizes per well garnered from TRAP staining of osteoclasts differentiated in vitro. h The quantification of F-actin ring formations derived from FITC-phalloidin staining. i The calculation of the osteoblast count per bone perimeter (Ob.N/B.pm) from sections immunohistochemically stained for OCN. j A comprehensive quantification analysis of calcein staining results, encompassing BFR/BS and MAR. k The depictions of immunostaining showcasing EMCN in red, CD31 in green and CD31hiEmcnhi (colored yellow) on trabecular bone. Scale bar, 200 μm. l The quantification of the area occupied by CD31hiEmcnhi (yellow) cells on trabecular bone based on immunostaining images. m, n The flow cytometry plots displaying the proportion of CD31hiEmcnhi endothelial cells within CD31+CD45−Ter119− bone marrow cells. o The quantification of PDGFBB protein levels in bone marrow assessed via ELISA. N = 6 per experimental group. The data are presented as mean ± s.d. with individual data points depicted as dots. Statistical significance levels are denoted as follows: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; ns, not significant.

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