Fig. 3: Dose-dependent changes in ROS production following drug treatment.

a–f Representative fluorescence images and corresponding quantitative analyses of ROS-positive areas in hIECs and Caco-2 cells treated with paclitaxel (a, b), docetaxel (c, d) or gefitinib (e, f). a, c, e, Representative fluorescence images; b, d, f, quantitative analysis of ROS-positive areas. The ROS production was quantified in live cells using a mitochondria-specific fluorescent probe that reacts with superoxide anions. Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m. from replicate experiments and are normalized to vehicle controls. a–f show the quantification of ROS-positive areas as a percentage of the total field area. The images were acquired at 20× magnification. Scale bar, 200 μm.