Fig. 14

Before (a, c) and after (b, d) laser cleaning of test areas with irradiation in SFR regime using the same spot size and frequency with LQS regime. b Inefficacy cleaning with localized discoloration using lower fluence (3.4 mJ/cm2). d Removal of both unwanted material and patina with extensive discoloration using higher fluence (5.6 mJ/cm2). Scale bar: 1.0 mm in (a) and (b), 5.0 mm in (c) and (d)